2. Translate using either the Past Indefinite or Past Perfect.

41. Я был уверен, что никогда раньше не встречал этого человека.

42. Не успел я зайти в дом, как начался дождь.

43. Я не видел ее вчера и она не звонила мне. Когда я пришел в офис, она уже ушла. Ее подруга сказала мне, что она заболела.

44. Когда он прочел ее последнее письмо, он понял, что навсегда потерял ее.

45. Она сказала, что никогда не была в Греции и хочет посетить эту страну.

46. Он выпил чашку чая, включил телевизор и уселся в свое кресло.

47. Я знал, что она не пришла, потому что она не хотела встречаться с Ником.

48. Он был голоден, так как не ел ничего с утра.

49. Джейн вчера ходила с вами в театр? – Нет. Она сказала, что уже видела этот балет.

50. Когда час спустя он вернулся домой, его жена уже пришла с работы.

Total: 50/_____

The Past Indefinite – the Past Perfect

The Past Perfect is the past equivalent of the Present Perfect.

Compare:

Present: Your room is dirty. You haven't cleaned it for ages.

Past: Your room was dirty. You hadn't cleaned it for ages. .

The Past Perfect is also the past equivalent of the Past Indefinite, and is used when from a certain point in the past the narrator looks back on earlier actions:

Compare: We met in 2000. I had seen her last ten years before. Her hair had been black then; now it was white.

Comparethe difference of meaning in the following examples:

I heard voices and realized that there were four people in the kitchen: three men and a woman.

I saw empty cups and realized that there had been four people in the kitchen (they were no longer there).

Compare the use of the Past Indefinite and the Past Perfect in time clauses:

1) Two past actions can be combined with when:

When I opened the window the bird flew out (two Past Indefinite Tenses give the idea that the first action led to the second and the second followed the first very closely).

When he had seen all the photos he said he was ready to leave (when he had finished looking at them).

2) Two past actions can also be combined with till/until, as soon as, before. Generally Past Indefinite tenses are used here:

I waited till she returned.

As soon as the rain started the children ran outdoors.

But when it is necessary to emphasize that the first action was completely finished before the second one started, the Past Perfect is used:

As soon as his guests had eaten everything they went home.

Before he had known her for a month he made a proposal.

3) After is normally followed by a Perfect Tense: He felt better after he had talked to his father.

The Past Perfect – the Past Perfect Continuous

The Past Perfect is the past of the Present Prefect.

Compare:

Present: I am not hungry. I have just had dinner.

Past: I was not hungry. I had just had dinner.

The Past Perfect Continuous is the past of the Present Perfect Continuous.

Compare:

Present: How long have you been waiting?

Past: How long had you been waiting when she finally came?

Compare:

By six o’clock she had typed all the documents and was ready to leave (it is a single action in the past).

I knew she had been typing the documents since morning (the action began before the time of speaking in the past, and continued up to that time or stopped just before it).

E X E R C I S E S