Questions		8
Questions
1.	Where are visual and auditory stimuli initially stored?
	a.	They are stored in the short-term/working memory for a period of time
	b.	They are stored in the short-term memory for a short time
	c.	They are stored in the echoic and iconic memory
	d.	They are stored in the semantic and episodic memory
2.	How long will the iconic memory store information?
	a.	1 - 2 seconds
	b.	2 - 3 seconds
	c.	0.5 - 1 second	8
	d.	7 seconds ±2 seconds maximum		Questions
3.	How long will the Echoic memory store information?
	a.	2 - 8 seconds
	b.	10 - 15 minutes
	c.	10 - 20 seconds
	d.	Normally up to 15 minutes
4.	In sensory memory/stores there is a separate store for each sensory system.
	a.	True
	b.	False
5.	What is the “cocktail party” effect?
	a.	The ability to divide attention when surrounded by many different stimuli
	b.	The ability to hear, for example, your own name or call sign, whilst
		concentrating on something else
	c.	The ability to divide attention when surrounded by a number of stressors
	d.	The ability to divide attention when surrounded by noise
6.	On what is our mental model of the world based?
	a.	Our perception of the environment surrounding us
	b.	Our experiences and our sensitivities
	c.	Our experiences and learning
	d.	Each of us are different and each models the world individually
7.	Having created a mental model, what is the danger?
	a.	To only seek information which supports it (confirmation bias)
	b.	Other clues outside do not tie up (environmental bias)
	c.	We need confirmation (confirmation bias)
	d.	We are easily swayed by outside influences (environmental bias)

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8 Questions

Questions 8

8.How many separate items can be held in the short-term memory?

a.8 ± 2

b.9 ± 2

c.7 ± 2

d.6 ± 2

9.What is the main feature of a fully developed motor programme?

a.Skilled based behaviour not easily explained to other people

b.Skilled based behaviour not requiring conscious thought

c.Skilled based behaviour slowly learned

d.Skilled based behaviour quickly learned

10.What is the relationship between arousal and performance?

a.Performance is increased at high levels of arousal

b.Performance is increased by both low and high arousal levels

c.Performance is degraded by both low and high arousal levels

d.Performance is increased at low levels of arousal

11.Define “episodic” memory:

a.it is the memory of events which are held in the long-term memory and is influenced by experience

b.it is the memory of events which are held in the short-term memory and is influenced by experience

c.it is the memory of events which are held in the long-term memory and is influenced by meaning

d.it is the memory of events which are held in the short-term memory and is influenced by meaning

12.Define “semantic” memory:

a.it is the meaning of words and lasts shorter than episodic memory and is less accurate

b.it is the memory of events which are held in the short-term memory and is influenced by experience

c.it is the meaning of words and lasts longer than episodic memory as well as being more accurate

d.it is the memory of events which are held in the short-term memory and is influenced by meaning

13.Environmental capture is associated with:

a.long-term memory

b.working memory

c.short-term memory

d.motor programmes

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			Questions		8
	14.	With reference to human information processing, why is the attention mechanism
		required?
		a.	Because the number of stimuli around us are too many
		b.	Because the stimuli around us all happen at the same time and we need a
			filter mechanism of some kind
		c.	Because the capacity of the short-term memory and the rate of information
			processing are limited
		d.	Because the brain needs to prioritize
	15.	What is qualitative overload?
		a.	When there are too many responses to be made in the time available
		b.	When the amount of information is perceived to be beyond the attentional	8
			capacity and the task is too difficult
		c.	When too many responses are required		Questions
		d.	When responses get transposed due to overload of work
	16.	What are the two types of attention?
		a.	Cognitive and intuitive
		b.	Intuitive and behavioural
		c.	Divided and intuitive
		d.	Selective and divided
	17.	Two of the factors affecting long-term memory are:
		a.	expectation and suggestion
		b.	repetition and echoism
		c.	amnesia and anxiety
		d.	anxiety and concentration
	18.	Generally human error can be split into two categories:
		a.	faults and static errors
		b.	static errors and faults
		c.	dynamic and static errors
		d.	faults and slips
	19.	Information retention can be increased by the use of:
		a.	study and rote learning
		b.	instinct
		c.	mnemonics and memory training
		d.	tertiary education
	20.	An experienced pilot reacting to an engine failure is demonstrating?
		a.	Imitation learning
		b.	Operant conditioning learning
		c.	Skill learning
		d.	Insight learning

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8 Answers

Answers

1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
c	c	a	a	b	c	a	c	b	c	a	c
13	14	15	16	17	18	19	20
d	b	b	d	a	d	c	b

Answers 8

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