- •Стадульская н.А., Сорокина н.В., Антипова л.А., Асланова м.Г.
- •Введение
- •Unit 1. My future speciality
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Pharmacists
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 1:
- •Case 2:
- •At the pharmacy
- •Part III. Reading
- •My future speciality active vocabulary of the text
- •Part IV. Listening
- •I. Fill in the gaps only with one word
- •II. Choose two correct variants in each question:
- •III. Match each statement with the correct drugstore, a-c:
- •IV. Choose two correct answers:
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •Part V. Self-reading
- •Job description. Staff pharmacist
- •Qualifications, skills and experience
- •Part VI. Writing pharmacist resume
- •Part VII. Translation
- •The future of pharmacists
- •Part VIII. Grammar
- •Modal verbs
- •Exercise 21: Read the sentences. Translate them into Russioan and define the tense of a verb.
- •Exercise 22: Read the sentences. Translate the modal verbs in brackets. Pay attention to the tense theyahpuld be used:
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •Unit 2. In the chemical laboratory
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Basic first aid in the chemical laboratory
- •1) Chemicals in the Eyes
- •2) Chemicals in the Mouth
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 2:
- •Case 1:
- •An interview dialogue
- •Part III. Reading
- •In the chemical laboratory active vocabulary of the text
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Part V. Self-reading
- •Laboratory safety
- •Part VI. Writing
- •Guidelines for giving employee references:
- •When you’re beginning to compile testimonials:
- •Part VII. Translation
- •Многозначность лексики, полисемия
- •Chemistry lab technician careers: job description & salary info
- •Part VIII. Grammar
- •Инфинитив (the infinitive) Формы инфинитива
- •Infinitive vs gerund gerund
- •Infinitive with to
- •Infinitive without to
- •Part IX. Project
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •Unit 3. Pharmaceutical service
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Pharmaceutical service in Russia and abroad
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 1:
- •Case 2:
- •Dialogue
- •Part III. Reading
- •Pharmaceutical service in great britain active vocabulary of the text
- •Pharmaceutical service in great britain
- •Part IV. Listening
- •What services can you expect from a pharmacy?
- •Part V. Self-reading
- •The first private chemist’s shops in russia
- •Part VI. Writing
- •What is advertisement?
- •Part VII. Translation
- •Part VIII. Grammar
- •Complex object
- •Complex object употребляется после глаголов выражающих:
- •Part IX. Project
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •Unit 4. At the chemist’s shop
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Part II. Conversation Useful phrases:
- •Case 1:
- •Case 2:
- •Part III. Reading
- •Chemist’s shop active vocabulary of the text
- •Chemist’s shop
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Part V. Self-reading
- •Victorian pharmacy
- •Part VI. Writing
- •Клише и выражения писем-запросов:
- •Образец письма-запроса (Sample of Inquiry)
- •Part VII. Translation
- •Фирменные названия (brandnames / trademarks)
- •Branded and generic medicines
- •1. What is Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency responsible for?
- •2. What is the main idea of the text?
- •Part VIII. Grammar
- •Перевод на русский язык предложений, содержащих инфинитивный оборот Complex Subject
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •Unit 5. Ecological problems
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •What is ecology?
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 1:
- •Case 2:
- •Case 3:
- •Case 4:
- •Part III. Reading
- •Ecological problems active vocabulary of the text
- •Ecological problems and solutions
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Pollution by Tom Lehrer, 1965
- •Exercise 14: Read and translate the text.
- •20 Ways to help the planet
- •Part VI. Writing
- •Business contract basics
- •Exercise 15: Study the Business Agreement Template carefully and write a similar one filling out the necessary information.
- •Part VII. Translation
- •Аннотированный перевод
- •Global warning: climate sceptics are winning the battle Father of the green movement says scientists lack pr skills to make public listen
- •Part VIII. Grammar Compound Sentences
- •Famous Compound Sentences
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Questions to ask:
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •With a partner, try to explain the terms in the diagram below.
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Dialogue
- •Part III. Reading
- •Medical care in great britain and in russia active vocabulary of the text
- •Part IV. Listening
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •Part V. Self-reading
- •First aid
- •Part VI. Writing
- •Как продиктовать свой e-mail
- •Part VII. Translation
- •Part VIII. Grammar
- •Part VIII. Project
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •3. Книга, прочитанная мною вчера, очень интересна.
- •Traditional medicine: definitions
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 1:
- •Case 2:
- •World health organization active vocabulary of the text
- •World Health Organization focus On Environment Pollution
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Part V. Self-reading
- •Hepatitis a
- •Keyfacts
- •Symptoms
- •Who is at risk?
- •Transmission
- •Treatment
- •Prevention
- •Part VI. Translation
- •Part VII. Writing
- •Пример оформления служебной записки Memorandum
- •Part VIII. Grammar
- •Герундий (Gerund)
- •Выбор между инфинитивом и герундием.
- •Part IX project
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •Unit 8. Pharmaceutical drug
- •Part I. Speaking and vocabulary
- •Some Facts from the History of Pharmacology
- •Part II. Conversation
- •Case 2:
- •Case 1:
- •Dialogue
- •Part III. Reading
- •The scope of pharmaceutical science active vocabulary of the text
- •New drug developing process
- •Part IV. Listening
- •Part V. Self-reading
- •The english prescription
- •Part VI. Writing
- •Part VII. Translation
- •Suprastine®
- •Part VIII. Grammar
- •Part IX. Project
- •Part X. Follow-up
- •1.Use the Gerund, the To-infinitive or the Bare Infinitive:
- •2. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive:
- •Оглавление
New drug developing process
The drug manufacturing industry has produced a variety of medicinal and other health-related products undreamed of by even the most imaginative apothecaries of the past. These drugs have saved the lives of millions of people from various diseases, and they permit many ill people to lead reasonably normal lives. Thousands of medications are available today for diagnostic, preventive, and therapeutic uses. These medicines aid in the control of venereal disease, tuberculosis, influenza, cardiovascular disease, malaria, pneumonia, diabetes, some forms of cancer, etc.
The drug industry is comprised of establishments that make pharmaceutical preparations or finished drugs; biological products, such as serums and vaccines; bulk chemicals and botanicals used in making finished drugs; and diagnostic substances such as pregnancy and blood glucose kits.
Now let’s see the stages of a drug production process. The first step in this lengthy process begins with scientific research to discover new products, and to improve or modify existing ones. The main task of this stage is to identify a possibly useful compound which has the potential to prevent, combat, or alleviate symptoms of diseases or other health problems.
If the discovery phase yields promising compounds, technical teams then attempt to develop a safe and effective product based on the discoveries. For testing new products in development, a research method called "screening" is used. Each year, researchers study the effects of potential new medicines on millions of animals, including mice, rats and chickens for evidence of useful and harmful effects. A new drug is selected for testing in humans only if it promises to have therapeutic advantages over drugs already in use, or if it offers the possibility of having fewer side effects. After laboratory screening, firms conduct clinical investigations, or "trials," of the drug on human patients.
Once these stages have been successfully concluded, the drug manufacturing company can submit an application for approval to the regulatory authorities. This application must contain the following information:
Detailed reports of the preclinical (animal) studies;
Reports of all clinical (human) studies;
Information on the composition and manufacture of the drug and on the controls and facilities used in its manufacture;
Samples of the drug and its labeling.
Only after the approval of the regulatory authorities, which means that the drug meets all the official standards of strength and purity, the manufacturing company is allowed to market this new drug.
Summary: The drug developing process is the process of bringing a new drug to the market which includes pre-clinical research (animals) and clinical trials (on humans) and may include the step of obtaining regulatory approval to market the drug.
Exercise 11: Answer the following questions:
Can you explain the importance of drug producing industry?
What is the drug industry comprised of?
Can you name the stages of a drug manufacturing process?
What is the main target of a scientific research?
How do you understand the term “development of a drug”?
What information does the approval to the regulatory authorities consist of?
What does the approval to the regulatory authorities mean?
How do you understand the term “to market a new drug”?
Exercise 12: Make your own short report about the process of drug production.
Exercise 13: You know that many English words are polysemantic. Can you find the right translation to the following idioms:
a bitter pill to swallow |
неходкий товар, товар, на который нет спроса; залежалый товар |
I know I did wrong, and I know I have to take my medicine. |
препараты, улучшающие некоторые способности человека (такие как память, внимание, концентрация и т.д.) |
a drug in the market |
Я знаю, что поступил неправильно и что мне нужно примириться с неизбежным. |
Jim was always playing tricks on other boys. Finally they decided to give him a dose of his own medicine. |
проглотить горькую пилюлю |
smart drugs |
Джим всегда подшучивал над ребятами. В конце концов, они решили отплатить ему той же монетой. |