Страдательный залог the passive voice

Действие совершается над подлежащим.

Чтобы показать, кем/чем совершается действие, используются предлоги: by,with

Формула образования: to be+ v + ed (3-я форма глагола)

Present, Past and Future Simple Passive

Present		Past		Future
am	constructed built	was were	constructed built	will be	constructed built
is
are

EXAMPLES:

1. Students are taught different subjects at University. (Студентам преподают разные дисциплины в университете.)

2. The first robot was designed in the 20th century. ( Первый робот был разработан в 20 веке.)

3. New cars will be designed in the future. (Новые автомобили будут разработаны в будущем.)

1. Grammar Practice Section

1. Назовите три основные формы следующих глаголов

To write, to take, to bring, to lose, to forget, to see, to plant, to clean, to tell, to show, to decorate, to study, to become, to speak, to receive, to send, to understand.

2. Поставьте глаголы в Passive Voice согласно следующей модели

Образец:

Present – is translated

Past – was/were translated

Future – will be translated

To read, to get, to invite, to send, to meet, to teach, to bring, to teach, to find, to read.

3. Прочтите и переведите предложения. Определите время и залог глаголов. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму

1. The students were given a lot of work to do last month. 2. She was often spoken about. 3. I was told a very interesting story. 4. The way to the college will be shown to you by any student. 5. The children are given interesting work. 6. A new school will soon be built in our district. 7. Usually the exam is passed well.

4. Перефразируйте предложения, употребив страдательный залог

1. The teacher explained to us many interesting things. 2. I returned the book to the library in time. 3. We usually spend holidays out of town. 4. They sent a message to him yesterday. 5. I will finish this work tomorrow. 6. His teacher advised him not to miss classes. 7. Students pass exams two times a year.

5. Переведите на английский язык

1.Университет построен десять лет назад. 2. В этом году был открыт интернет центр. 3. В будущем году будет проведена международная конференция. 4. Обычно статьи переводятся студентами дома.

II. Work with the text

1. Прочтите текст. Найдите в тексте глаголы в пассивном залоге, объясните их употребление. Переведите текст и ответьте на вопросы после него.

Mars

Mars is a planet which at present attracts attention of the astronomers of the whole world. It is observed through powerful telescopes and is analyzed by photographic and spectral means. There are periods when the conditions for studying this planet are more favorable than at any other time. It is a well known fact that every two years and two months Mars is particularly close to the Earth. Being in this position it is carefully observed and studied. It was shown by observation that Mars is similar to the Earth. It is surrounded with atmosphere. There are seasonal chants on the planet, but being farther from the Sun than the Earth Mars is supplied with less heat than our planet.

In winter white spots of snow are formed at the poles. When the snow is melting in spring green spots appear that are moving to the equator. Because of their being green some astronomers are sure that there is plant life on Mars.

1. Why and how is Mars observed?

2. What was shown by observation?

3. Why some astronomers are sure that there is plant life on Mars?