- •Российский государственный торгово-экономический университет Учебник для студентов торгово-экономических специальностей английский язык
- •Содержание
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 1 – 3
- •I. Complete the sentences using the right item
- •II. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
- •III. Insert the right preposition
- •IV. Form nouns from the following verbs.
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 4-6
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item
- •II. Open the brackets using the correct form of the verb.
- •III. Complete the sentences with can, could, be able to, must, have to, be to, should in appropriate forms. Use several options and translate the sentences.
- •IV. Insert the right preposition.
- •V. Form nouns from the following verbs.
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 7-8
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item
- •II. Fill in the right preposition
- •III. Match the words to make pairs
- •IV. Combine the sentences using Past Simple and Past Perfect.
- •V. Make comparisons using more - the most; better – the best; as…as; not so as; -er, -est where necessary.
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 10
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 9-10
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item.
- •II. Put the following sentences into the Reported Speech.
- •III. Insert the right preposition.
- •IV. Form nouns from the following verbs.
- •Unit 11
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 12
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 13
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Unit 14
- •Exercises
- •Vocabulary
- •Consolidation Units 13, 14
- •I. Complete the sentence using the right item.
- •II. Open the brackets using conditionals.
- •III. Put the verbs into the right form.
- •IV. Rewrite the following sentences using Complex Subject.
- •Resource File. Activate your Grammar.
- •Text Bank Unit 1. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 2. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Unit 5 Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 6 Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it. The Sales Manager
- •Unit 7 Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Vocabulary notes
- •Unit 8. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 9. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Unit 10. Read and translate the text. Get ready to summarise it.
- •Vocabulary
- •2. Present Continuous
- •3. Present Simple
- •4. Present Simple vs. Present Continuous
- •5. Past Simple
- •Ex. 1. Put the verbs in the past simple tense.
- •6. Past Continuous
- •7. Past Simple vs Past Continuous.
- •8. Present Perfect Simple
- •9. Present Perfect vs Past Simple
- •Compare
- •Compare these sentences.
- •10. Present Perfect Continuous
- •Present Perfect Simple vs Present Perfect Continuous. Compare these sentences
- •12. Past Perfect
- •13. Future Forms
- •2. Be going to (do)
- •3. Present Continuous1 with a future meaning.
- •4. Present Simple with a future meaning.
- •5. Future Continuous
- •Ex. 1. Put the following sentences in the negative and question forms (yes/no questions).
- •Ex. 2. Put the verbs into the correct form.
- •Ex. 3. Make one sentence from two sentences.
- •Ex. 4. Are you (your friend, your parents) going to do/ not going to do these things tomorrow?
- •Ex. 5. Put the verb in the correct form using will or going to.
- •Ex. 6. What will these people be doing tomorrow from 8 till 8-30 in the morning?
- •Ex. 7. Write some sentences about your plans for the next few days.
- •Ex. 8. Choose the correct verb form in the following pairs of sentences.
- •14. Revision of Tenses
- •15. Modal Verbs (Basic Rules)
- •2. Must – have to – be to
- •Ex. 5. Put in must or have to.
- •Ex. 6. Put in must or had to.
- •Ex. 7. Make questions with have to.
- •Ex. 8. Make negative sentences with have to.
- •Ex. 9. Underline the correct verb form.
- •4. Should (do)
- •1. General Questions
- •2. Special Questions
- •3. Alternative questions
- •17. Reported Speech
- •Verb in the past.
- •18. There (is) and It (is)
- •Ex. 3. Complete the dialogue with used to or didn’t use to.
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •20. Conditionals Type 1
- •Ex. 1. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense using type 1 conditional.
- •Ex. 2. Open the brackets using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 3. Give advice using type 2 conditional.
- •Ex. 5. Rewrite the following story using type 3 conditional.
- •E.G. If Ron hadn’t slept until twelve yesterday, he wouldn’t have failed the exam. Continue rewriting the story. Ex. 6. Match the following parts of the sentence
- •Ex. 8. Translate the sentences into English.
- •21. Passive Voice
- •22. Complex Subject
- •Ex. 1. Translate the sentences into Russian.
- •Ex. 2. Rewrite the following sentences using the Complex Subject.
- •Ex. 3. Translate the sentences into English.
- •23. Gerund
- •25. Participles
- •Participle I has four forms:
- •26. Complex Object
- •27. Articles
- •28. Pronouns
- •Demonstrative pronouns
- •29. Some, Any, No
- •30. Compound pronouns.
- •31. Much, Many, Little, Few, a Lot (of)
- •32. Adjectives and Adverbs
- •33. Comparisons
- •Irregular Forms.
- •2. The same as
- •34. Other and Another
- •Ex. 1. Fill in the blanks with other, another, the other.
- •Ex. 2. Insert other or others.
- •We write ’ after nouns in plural
- •We use the possessive (’s) structure when the first noun is the name of a person, group of people, animal, organization, country.
- •E.G. Rules: club / football
- •36. So and Such
- •37. Enough and Too
- •Compare:
- •Ex. 3. Use too or enough.
- •Ex. 4. Translate the sentences into English.
- •38. Relative Сlauses
- •39. Prepositions At / on / in (time)
- •E.G. On Monday
- •For / During
- •In / at and to (places and directions)
- •40. Irregular Verbs
- •41. Word-Formation
- •42. Abbreviation List
Vocabulary
1. affect (v) – влиять, действовать на кого-л., что-л.
E.g. It will affect her decision. – Это повлияет на ее решение.
2. demand (n, U) – спрос
demand for goods – спрос на товары
to be in great demand – пользоваться большим спросом
supply and demand – спрос и предложение
E.g. Demand affects supply. – Спрос влияет на цены.
3. disposable (adj) – выбрасываемый, одноразовый
a disposable handkerchief – одноразовый носовой платок
4. due (adj) – должный, обязанный
E.g. He is due to speak at the meeting. – Он должен выступить на собрании.
due to smb., smth. - из-за кого-л., чего-л.
E.g. The accident was due to fog. – Авария случилась из-за тумана.
5. earn (v) – зарабатывать
to earn one’s living – зарабатывать на жизнь
6. economy (n, C) – экономика, хозяйство
economic (adj) – экономический
economic policy – экономическая политика
Compare: economical (adj) – экономный, экономичный
an economical car – экономичная машина
7. ensure (v) – обеспечивать, гарантировать
E.g. I can’t ensure his success. – Я не могу гарантировать его успех.
8. extensive (adj) – обширный
E.g. He has an extensive knowledge of this subject. – У него обширные познания по этому предмету.
9. give up (gave, given) (v) –уступить, сдаться
10. hold down (held, held) (v) – удерживать, сдерживать
E.g. We can’t hold down prices much longer. – Мы не сможем долго сдерживать цены.
11. instead (adv) – вместо
instead of smth., smb., doing smth. – вместо чего-л., кого-л.
E.g. He sold baking soda instead of sugar. - Он продал разрыхлитель теста вместо сахара.
12. join (v) smb., smth. – присоединяться к кому-л.,чему-л.
E.g. May I join you? – Можно к Вам присоединиться?
to join a company – поступить на работу в компанию
13. originally (adv) – первоначально, по происхождению
E.g. Originally this company was a small business. – Первоначально эта компания была малым предприятием.
original (n, C) – подлинник, оригинал
in the original – в оригинале
14. persuade (v) – убеждать, уговаривать
E.g. He persuaded me to come. – Он убедил меня прийти.
15. promote (v) – продвигать, повышать в должности
E.g. He was promoted last year. – Его повысили в прошлом году.
to promote a new product – рекламировать новый товар
promotion (n, U) – продвижение, стимулирование
sales promotion - стимулирование сбыта
16. return (n, U) – прибыль
E.g. The return on my shares is 5%. – Прибыль от моих акций – 5 процентов.
17. stress (v) – подчеркивать, придавать большое значение
E.g. He stressed that the work was very important. – Он подчеркнул, что работа очень важная.
18. support (v) smb., smth. – поддерживать кого-л., что-л.
support (n, U) – поддержка
in support of – в подтверждение
19. tend (v) – быть склонным к чему-л.
E.g. She tends to agree with them. – Она склонна согласиться с ними.
20. value (n, U) – ценность, стоимость
E.g. His advice was of great value to us. – Он дал нам неоценимый совет.
to be good value for money – окупиться, стоить затраченных денег
E.g. The computer was good value for money. – Компьютер стоил затраченных денег.