Taeniasis

The agent is Taenia Solium. Taeniasis is widely spread in India, Northern China, Africa, Southern America. Especially it is wide-spread in Africa, in Australia, Southern America. The source of the invasion is insufficiently cooked meat of pigs and wild boars.

DIAGNOSTICS

1. Weakness.

2. Nausea, vomiting.

3. Headache.

4. Disorder of sleep.

5. Diarrhea.

6. Eosinophilia.

7. Presence of ova in faeces and from 8 up to 12 lateral branches of proglotide uterus

TREATMENT

It is similar to treatment of broad fishworms infection.

CYSTICERCOSIS

The cysticercosis is connected with parasitising the larval stage of helminth - Cysticercus cellulosae in human tissues. The development of the disease is possible as a resault of swallowing or regurgitations of ova from the intestine to the stomach.

DIAGNOSTICS

1. Headache.

2. Nausea, vomiting.

3. Epileptoid attacks.

4. Delirious, hallucinatious conditions.

5. Intracranial hypertension.

6. Disorder of vision.

7. Сalcinates are up to 8 mm in a diameter at X-ray examination.

TREATMENT

Surgical treatment is indicated. Albendazol (Nemozole) is prescribed in 400 mg 2 times a day by three cycles for 28 days. The interval between cycles is 14 days.

Hymenolepiasis

The agent is Hymenolepiasis Nana. The hymenolepiasis is wide-spread everywhere, but more often among inhabitants of Southern regions. The man is infected by hands polluted with helminth eggs, food, toys, kitchen utensils and by other subjects of use. More often children at the age of 3-14 years are affected.

DIAGNOSTICS

In the third part of patients the disease proceeds asymptomatically but there are the following symptoms:

1. Weakness.

2. Nausea, vomiting.

3. Hypersalivation.

4. Loss of appetite.

5. Dull aches in the stomach.

6. Diarrhea with an impurity of slime and blood.

7. Diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of ova in feces

TREATMENT

It is similar to treatment of broad fishworms infection.

Illnesses caused by helminths migratory larvae

Dermal migratory larva (Larva migrans)

The agent is hookworms of dogs and cats A. Brasiliense, A. Caninum, Uncinaria Stenocephale, larvae of Gnatostoma Spinigerum.

Beaches and other wet, sandy districts are the zones of increased hazard, as animals choose such places for defecation, and the eggs of A. Brasiliense well develop in such ground.

DIAGNOSTICS

1. The clinical picture develops in some hours after the penetration of a larva.

2. Severe dermal itch.

3. Primary red papule.

4. Disorderly erythematic, linear elements.

5. Transient fugitive pulmonary infiltrates.

6. The increase of the amount of eosinocytes in the sputum.

7. Eosinophilia is up to 50 % in the blood.

TREATMENT

The best drugs are Tiabendazol is prescribed in 25-50 mg/kg per os after meal for 2 days, ALBENDAZOL is applied 400 mg/day on one dose within 7 days, IVERMECTIN (Mectizan) is prescribed in single dose of 200 mg/kg and Mebendazolum is taken in 200 mg a day for 7-10 days.

TOXACARIDIS (visceral migratory larva)

In the people this helminthiasis is caUsed by ascarides of animals (Тохоcara Canis).

More than 2000 documentary confirmed cases of people infection are noted in USA and Europe. The incidents of invasion are described in 48 countries of the world.

DIAGNOSTICS

1. Fever.

2. Morbid hepatomegalia.

3. Splenomegaly.

4. Dermal eraptions.

5. Relapsing pneumonia.

6. Leukocytosis with eosinophilia.

7. Hypergammaglobulinemia.

TREATMENT

The only effective method of the treatment is not present. Diethylcarbomazin is the most affective drug. The application of Tiabendazol in the dose 25 - 50 mg/kg for 7 - 10 days is indicated.

ANIZAKIOS

The agent are the ascarides referred to the family of Anisakidae. There are more than 1000 cases of infection recognized in Netherlands and Japan and about several cases reported from Northern America. The people are infected by the use of raw, pickled or slightly salted fish delicateses, such as "green herring", such, sashimy, sunomono, chavicha and gravlax, which contain the larvae of the third stage of development.

DIAGNOSTICS

1. Nausea and vomiting.

2. Epigastric colicy pains.

3. Diffuse morbidity of the stomach.

4. Fever.

5. Leukocytosis.

6. Eosinophilia.

7. Presence of larvae in tissues.

TREATMENT

Symptomatic drugs are used.

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