III. Read and translate the text. Pharmacy; sciewc.E, technology, industry

Pharmacy is defined as the art and science of recognizing, identifying, collecting, selecting, preparing, storing, testing, compounding and dispensing all substances used in preventive or in curative medicine for treating people. It speaks not. only of medicines and the art of compounding and dispensing them, but of their combination, analysis and standardization.

Though now days most drags are prepared by pharmaceutical manufactures and are distributed to the chemist's or hospital in such suitable dosage forms as tablets, capsules, liquid preparations, or sterile solutions for injection, the pharmacist now has is a less a responsible role in properly dispensing the preparation in finished forms than when he powdered, dissolved, mixed, and otherwise compounded prescriptions. Compounding and dispensing medicines de tnaad special knowledge, experience, and high professional standards. So to become pharmacist one should achieve kno’wieclgc of different subjects, such, as physics, chemistry, biology, pharmacology, toxicology, pharmacognosy, technology of drugs, organization and economy of pharmacy, management and marketing in pharmacy.

Because of his knowledge of drag constituents, the pharmacist is able to predict ног only the chemical and physical incompatibilities encountered in compounding bat also the therapeutic incompatibilities that the patient may encounter when utilizing a drag concomitantly with other prescribed or self-selected medications. Starch, saccharose, pork fat, gelatine, cocoa and butter, among other substances, used as auxiliary admixtures and bases, include particles of medicinal substances In treatment. But they themselves are not neutral agents: they may affect the action of the drugs. When supplying both prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medication to patients, the pharmacist also provides information required for the safe and effective use of such drags. The pharmacist further serves as a« Information source of all aspects of drags to Ms colleages in the medical, dental, and nursing professions. These adivisory roles are made possible by the vast backgrasrad of the pharmacist, the drug expert, in fields such as pharmacognosy, pharmacology, medicinal chemistry, and pharmaceutics. The pharmacist needs to know where the dosage form can be obtained; if the drug is readily absorbed: if It has stability; and if there is anything in the literature to confirm the reliability of this dosage form for a particular patient. The pharmacist must also know what tablets can be crushed and added to food (or used in compounding) without altering the drag's effectiveness and dose regimen. Pharmacists should be very helpful and supportive when asked for their opinion and advice. It is widely recognized that pharmacists are among the most accessible and .respected health professionals.

Although the pharmacist is mainly concerned with those substances having application to public .health, he realizes that many of these therapeutic aids are also utilized as beverages, and spicies, in confectioneries, and as technical products. During the past few years, as a result of the intense concern with all aspects of ecology, there has been a renewed interest in so called "'natural" foods and drugs. The availability of an extremely wide variety of those products, ranging from fenugreek tea to ginseng chewing gum, has stimulated the public to ieara more about them.

Progress In many fields of medicine depends on production of corresponding antibiotics, effective narcotic, cardiac and other drags- New pharmaceutical preparations are constantly being developed for every branch of medicine. New drags not only save lives, they help to reduce the costs of health care by limiting the need for alternative, more expensive therapy, such as surgery and hospitalization. Drags which return people to productive activity might well be viewed as investments yielding social benefits—rather than costs.

The pharmaceutical industry is among the most misunderstood of all industries. Just as society has decided it is wise to have a papulation knowledgeable about sex education, so must the population be knowledgeable about pharmaceutical development.

A creative act and nine months of development are needed to launch & new person. The creative act of discovering a new pharmaceutical Is followed by an average of 1 0 years and 100 million American dollars in development costs.

IV. Language development.

1. Відповісти на питания.

1.How Is pharmacy defined? 2. What Is the role of a pharmacist? 3. What do compounding and

dispensing medicines demand? 4. What is necessary to become a pharmacist? 5. What is pharmacist able to predict? 6. What information does the pharmacist provide when supplying both prescription and over-the-counter drugs? 7. What does the pharmacist further serve? 8.. By means of what are these advisory roles made possible? 9. Can you give the examples of substances used both pharmaceutical^ and In food production? 10. What do you know about the history of pharmacy?

2. Доповніть речення інформацією iз тексту:

1. Pharmacy is defined as the art and science of... .

2. Now days most drugs are distributed to the chemist's or hospital in such suitable dosage forms as...

3. Compounding and. dispensing medicines demand... .

4. The pharmacist is able to predict... .

5. Advisory roles of a pharmacist are made possible by... .

6. Pharmacist should be very helpful and supportive when... .

7. The creative act of discovering a new pharmaceutical... .