Infectious diseases. Pneumonia and influenza

1. Lead-in

Pneumonia	Пневмонія
Painful	Хворобливий
Delirium	Марення
A case	Випадок
A diet	Дієта
Influenza/flu	Грип
Flushed	Почервонілий
To be hoarse	Хрипнути
Complication	Ускладнення
Mild	Легкий, м’який
Severe	Важкий
To look after	Доглядати
To defend	Захищати
To contain	Вміщати
To surround	Оточувати

2. Lead in. Work with the text.

1. Відповісти на питання.

1. Have you had such diseases as pneumonia or influenza?

2. Do you know the symptoms of these diseases?

3. How do you get an infectious disease?

2. Match definitions with words.

a) Diet	__to sound harsh because of a store throat
b) Complication	__the food that you eat and drink regularly
c) Painful	__a particular situation
d) A case	__a new problem or an illness that makes treatment of a previous one more difficult
e) Hoarse	__causing you discomfort that hurts

3. Replace the italicized parts of the sentences with equivalents from the text.

1. The temperature becomes higher each minute.

2. All must see these particular changes in condition.

3. The diet must be light.

4. Everybody knows the kinds of this disease.

5. The first sign of influenza is high temperature.

6. "Speak about your choice", said the teacher.

III. Read and translate the text. Pneumonia

Pneumonia begins suddenly. In most cases temperature rises quick­ly. The pulse rate and breathing are fast. Cough begins early and, at first, is dry and painful. The patient feels ill, has a flushed face and a dry tongue.

In severe cases there may be delirium. A patient with delirium is very restless and the nurse must pay special attention to them.

Patients with pneumonia need rest and sleep. The best position for a patient is semisitting. Fresh air is very important. These patients need a lot of liquid and a light diet.

Influenza

Influenza is a very infectious disease. The disease can be mild or severe.

The symptoms of influenza are: high temperature, headache and general pain.

In most cases, the patient must stay in bed, be warm and drink a lot of water. The patient must stay in bed until the temperature ia normal. The next two or three days he may be up for only short peri­ods of time. After being infected with influenza patients feel weak and often depressed.

As influenza is very infectious you must remember:

— Never shake hands when you have a cold. Colds are communi­cated by contact. But don't say: "I cannot shake hands. I have a cold." You should be very polite. Colds are communicated by bodily contact. Be careful when shaking hands because you can communicate your cold. You can say "Sorry, I don't want to pass you my cold but it is nice to see you". You should wash your hands after shaking hands with many people or people who have colds to prevent yourself from getting sick.

HOW YOUR BODY DEFENDS AGAINST DISEASE AGENTS

Disease agents are always around you. Most of time you.do not be­come ill. This is because your body defends against disease agents. Here are some ways.

• Your skin helps keep many agents out of your body.

• When a cut bleeds, agents are washed away from the cut.

• If it is windy, dust that contains agents may get into your eyes. You blink to keep the dust out. Tears also help wash dust out of your eyes.

• You may breathe dust that contains agents. Tiny hairs inside your nose stop the dust from getting further into your body. The dust may cause you to sneeze.

• Juices like saliva and stomach juice kill agents when they enter your body.

• If agents enter your body, white blood cells surround and de­stroy them.