4. Translate the following word combinations into English:

к середине прошлого столетия; практика оказания помощи; решать разнообразные проблемы; особое место; назначать социального работника; приспосабливаться к тюремным условиям; очевидная роль; доступный всем заключенным; поддерживать эффективную социальную работу; устранять антиобщественное поведение; алкогольная и наркотическая зависимость; агрессивное поведение; подготовка к освобождению.

5. Complete the sentences:

1. Social work had been developed … . 2. The practice of rendering social assistance … . 3. Modern social workers solve … . 4. Professional social workers have a … in prison. 5. They help the inmates to … . 6. Welfare officers provide a link between … . 7. Social work services are accessible … . 8. Social work treatment in prison focuses on … .

Supplementary texts:

Read and translate the text into Russian using a dictionary:

Training of correctional staff in great britain. Psychologists and social workers in prison service

In Great Britain they don’t have any institutions equivalent to the school you study at. People who come in to work as guards get an initial period of training of about 18 weeks. People who come in to work as governor grades (of the kind our Academy trains), typically come in to the prison service from the outside. They are mostly University graduates but in a wide range of subjects – languages, humanities, sociology. Very few of them are lawyers. Once they have joined the service they serve an apprenticeship and they are transferred around all the key management jobs in the prison. Then they are sent away periodically to the in-service training college to learn particular aspects of the job on short courses.

With regard to psychologists and social workers the prison service is the biggest single employer of psychologists in Great Britain. There are more psychologists only in the health service. There is a long tradition of pr5ofessional social work in Great Britain. Some 25 years ago there was a welfare officer in each prison but he was often untrained. Then the welfare service inside prisons was merged with probation service outside. So every prison has three or four probation officers but that is certainly not enough to do the work that is required.

What do psychologists do in prisons?

The psychology service has had difficulty in finding the proper role. The original reason why psychologists were introduced was to work directly with prisoners and now they would have played a clinical psychological role in councelling offenders. That was found not to be a very successful role. So then the psychologists tended to become consultant advisers to the governor on managerial problems within the system. That was not very successful either. So now psychologists do tow things: one is a research role, which looks as trying to identify characteristics in prisoners that might make them liable to be trouble-makers within the system, or trying to find predictive devices that enable them to assess the likelihood of riots happening. These activities are combined with a certain amount of work with prisoners that is designed to help them deal with problems of conflicts with other prisoners or conflicts with staff.