Task 31. Speak on the work of the procurator

UNIT 4

The Fundamental Law of Ukraine

Task 1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text

The Fundamental Law of Ukraine

fundamental law/constitution – основний закон/конституція

under the constitution – відповідно до конституції

to govern – керувати, правити

independent – незалежний

independence – незалежність

onbehalfof – від імені

to adopt – приймати

to consist of – складатися

to establish – засновувати, встановлювати,

to assure /to guarantee – гарантувати, забезпечувати

right – право

freedom – свобода

duty /obligation – обов’язок

citizen – громадянин

citizenship – громадянство

to assert – затверджувати, заявляти,

sovereign – суверенний

democratic – демократичний

social – соціальний

legal – правовий

unitarian – унітарний

the only source of power – єдине джерело влади

to exercise – виконувати

bodies of state power – органи державної влади

bodies of local self government – органи місцевого

самоврядування

mineralrawmaterials– мінеральні сировинні

матеріали

naturalresources– природні ресурси

propertyright– право власності

statelanguage– державна мова

statesymbol– державний символ

emblem– емблема, герб

anthem– гімн

trident– тризуб

to be equal before the law – бути рівним перед законом

privilege – привілей

restriction – обмеження

to be based on/upon – базуватися на

race – раса

colour of skin – колір шкіри

political beliefs – політичні переконання

gender– стать

ethnicorigin– етнічне походження

socialorigin– соціальне походження

property/ownership – власність

position –положення, посада

place of residence – місце проживання

church – церква

to be separated from – бути відокремленим від

inviolable – недоторканий

inviolability – недоторканість

personal inviolability – особиста недоторканість

dwelling – житло, будинок

non-interference – невтручання

security – безпека

housing – забезпечення житлом

health protection – охорона здоров’я

medical care – медичний догляд

medical insurance – медичне страхування

legalassistance– правова/юридична допомога

safe & healthy environment – безпечне та здорове

навколишнє середовище

todefend– захищати

defence– захист

territorial integrity – територіальна цілісність

to respect – поважати

respect for – повага до

to perform military services – виконувати військову

службу

in compliance with – відповідно до

to damage – завдавати шкоди, псувати

cultural heritage – культурний спадок

to pay taxes & duties – платити податки та мита

in order – відповідно до

in amount – у кількості

todetermine– визначати

power– влада, повноваження,

держава

government – уряд, форма правління

to be divided into – поділятися на

the legislative – законодавча гілка влади

the executive – виконавча гілка влади

the judicial – судова гілка влади

to be headed by /to be led by – бути очоленим

the Supreme Court – Верховний Суд

Task 2. Read and translate the text, write down all the unknown words

The Fundamental Law of Ukraine

Governed by the Act of Ukraine’s Independence of August 24, 1991, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on behalf of the Ukrainian people adopted the Constitution - The Fundamental Law on June 28, 1996.

The Constitution of Ukraine consists of 15 chapters, 161 articles.

The Constitution establishes the country’s political system, assures rights, freedoms & duties of citizens, & is the basis for its laws.

Chapter I of the Constitution asserts that Ukraine is a sovereign & independent, democratic, social, legal state. It is a unitarian state with single citizenship.

Ukraine is a republic. The people are the only source of power which is exercised directly & through the bodies of state power & local self government. The land, mineral raw materials, air space, water & other natural resources which are on the territory of Ukraine are objects of the property right of Ukrainian people.

The state language in Ukraine is Ukrainian.

The state symbols of Ukraine are the State Flag, the State Emblem & the State Anthem of Ukraine. The State Flag is a blue & yellow banner made up from two equal horizontal stripes. The main element of the Great State Emblem of Ukraine is the sign of the State of Prince Volodymyr the Great, the Trident. The State Anthem of Ukraine is the national anthem with the music of M.Verbytsky, the words of Chubynsky.

The capital of Ukraine is Kyiv.

Chapter II of the Constitution assures human & civil rights, freedoms & obligations. Citizens have equal Constitutional rights & freedoms & are equal before the law. There are no privileges or restrictions based upon race, colour of skin, political & other beliefs, gender, ethnic & social origin, property, owner-ship, position, place of residence, language, religion or other circumstances.

The Church & religious organizations are separated from the state & schools are separated from the Church.

The Constitution guarantees the rights to life, personal inviolability & the inviolability of dwelling, non-interference in private & family life, free choice of residence, work, rest, education, social security, housing, health protection, medical care & medical insurance, legal assistance, a safe & healthy environment. The right to property is inviolable.

Defence of the Motherland, of the independence & territorial integrity of Ukraine, & respect for the state’s symbols are the duty of citizens. Citizens of Ukraine perform military services in compliance with the law. No person may damage the environment, cultural heritage. Every person shall pay taxes & duties in order & amount determined by the law.

Under the Constitution the powers of the government are divided into three branches-the legislative which consists of the Verkhovna Rada, the executive, headed by the Cabinet of Ministers, & the judicial, which is led by the Supreme Court.

Task 3. Answer the following questions:

1. When was the independence of Ukraine proclaimed?

2. What body adopted the Fundamental Law of Ukraine?

3. How many chapters and articles does the Constitution consist of?

4. Why is the Constitution the Fundamental law of the state called?

5. What does the Chapter I of the Constitution assert?

6. How is the power exercised in the country?

7. Who does land, mineral raw materials, air space, water & other natural resources belong in Ukraine?

8. What are the state symbols of Ukraine?

9. What does the Chapter II of the Constitution assure?

10. What does the Constitution guarantee to people?

11. What are the duties of the citizens of Ukraine?

12. How are the powers of the government divided?

Task 4. Pick out from the text all the word combinations with the following words and give their Ukrainian equivalents

law, power, to assert, right, equal

Task 5. Translate the following sentences:

1. On August 24, 1991, the Ukrainian Parliament solemnly proclaimed Ukraine’s independence and the formation of the independent state of Ukraine, proceeding from the right to self-determination, provided for by the UN Charter and other international documents, acting in pursuance of the Sovereignty declaration.

2. The Constitution outlines the structure of the national government and specifies its powers and duties.

3. Elections to the bodies of state power and bodies of local self-government are free, and are held on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot.

4. In order to be elected as a deputy, a person must be a citizen of Ukraine, must be at least 21 years of age and have the right to vote, and must be resided in the territory of Ukraine for no les than the previous five years.

5. Chapter II states that every person has the right to the free development of his/her personality as long as there are no violations of the rights and freedoms of other individuals, and has obligations before society where free and full development of the personality is assured.

6. Citizens of Ukraine may participate in the administration of state affairs, in all-Ukrainian and local referendums, to elect freely and to be elected to bodies of state power and local self-government.

Task 6. Make the following sentences complete by translating the phrases in brackets