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Unit 4 The Fundamental Law of Ukraine

Task 1. Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the text

The Fundamental Law of Ukraine.

fundamental law/constitution основний закон/конституція

under the constitution відповідно до конституції

to govern керувати, правити

independent незалежний

independence незалежність

on behalf of від імені

to adopt приймати

to consist of складатися

to establish засновувати, встановлювати,

to assure /to guarantee гарантувати, забезпечувати

right право

freedom свобода

duty /obligation обов’язок

citizen громадянин

citizenship громадянство

to assert затверджувати, заявляти,

sovereign суверенний

democratic демократичний

social соціальний

legal правовий

unitarian унітарний

the only source of power єдине джерело влади

to exercise виконувати

bodies of state power органи державної влади

bodies of local self-government органи місцевого

самоврядування

mineral raw materials мінеральні сировинні

матеріали

natural resources природні ресурси

property right право власності

state language державна мова

state symbol державний символ

emblem емблема, герб

anthem гімн

trident тризуб

to be equal before the law бути рівним перед законом

privilege привілей

restriction обмеження

to be based on/upon базуватися на

race раса

colour of skin колір шкіри

political beliefs політичні переконання

gender стать

ethnic origin етнічне походження

social origin соціальне походження

property/ownership власність

position положення, посада

place of residence місце проживання

church церква

to be separated from бути відокремленим від

inviolable недоторканий

inviolability недоторканість

personal inviolability особиста недоторканість

dwelling житло, будинок

non-interference невтручання

security безпека

housing забезпечення житлом

health protection охорона здоров’я

medical care медичний догляд

medical insurance медичне страхування

legal assistance правова/юридична допомога

safe and healthy environment безпечне та здорове

навколишнє середовище

to defend захищати

defence захист

territorial integrity територіальна цілісність

to respect поважати

respect for повага до

to perform military services виконувати військову службу

in compliance with відповідно до

to damage завдавати шкоди, псувати

cultural heritage культурний спадок

to pay taxes and duties платити податки та мита

in order to відповідно до

in amount у кількості

to determine визначати

power влада, повноваження, держава

government уряд, форма правління

to be divided into поділятися на

the legislative законодавча гілка влади

the executive виконавча гілка влади

the judicial судова гілка влади

to be headed by /to be led by бути очоленим

the Supreme Court Верховний Суд

Task2. Read and translate the text, write down all the unknown words. Remember that your reading time is not more than 3 minutes.

The Fundamental Law of Ukraine

Governed by the Act of Ukraine’s Independence of August 24, 1991, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine on behalf of the Ukrainian people adopted the Constitution - The Fundamental Law on June 28, 1996.

The Constitution of Ukraine consists of preamble, 15 chapters, 161 articles.

The Constitution establishes the country’s political system, assures rights, freedoms and duties of citizens, and is the basis for its laws.

Chapter I of the Constitution asserts that Ukraine is a sovereign and independent, democratic, social, legal state. It is a unitarian state with single citizenship.

Ukraine is a republic. The people are the only source of power which is exercised directly and through the bodies of state power and local self government. The land, mineral raw materials, air space, water and other natural resources which are on the territory of Ukraine are objects of the property right of Ukrainian people.

The state language in Ukraine is Ukrainian.

The state symbols of Ukraine are the State Flag, the State Emblem and the State Anthem of Ukraine. The State Flag is a blue and yellow banner made up from two equal horizontal stripes. The main element of the Great State Emblem of Ukraine is the sign of the State of Prince Volodymyr the Great, the Trident. The State Anthem of Ukraine is the national anthem with the music of M.Verbytsky, the words of Chubynsky.

The capital of Ukraine is Kyiv.

Chapter II of the Constitution assures human and civil rights, freedoms and obligations. Citizens have equal Constitutional rights and freedoms and are equal before the law. There are no privileges or restrictions based upon race, colour of skin, political and other beliefs, gender, ethnic and social origin, property, ownership, position, place of residence, language, religion or other circumstances.

The Church and religious organizations are separated from the state and schools are separated from the Church.

The Constitution guarantees the rights to life, personal inviolability and the inviolability of dwelling, non-interference in private and family life, free choice of residence, work, rest, education, social security, housing, health protection, medical care and medical insurance, legal assistance, a safe and healthy environment. The right to property is inviolable.

Defence of the Motherland, of the independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine, and respect for the state’s symbols are the duty of citizens. Citizens of Ukraine perform military services in compliance with the law. No person may damage the environment, cultural heritage. Every person shall pay taxes and duties in order and amount determined by the law.

Under the Constitution the powers of the government are divided into three branches-the legislative which consists of the Verkhovna Rada, the executive, headed by the Cabinet of Ministers, and the judicial, which is led by the Supreme Court.

Task 3. Answer the following questions.

  1. When was the independence of Ukraine proclaimed?

  2. What body adopted the Fundamental Law of Ukraine?

  3. How many chapters and articles does the Constitution consist of?

  4. Why is the Constitution the Fundamental law of the state called?

  5. What does the Chapter I of the Constitution assert?

  6. How is the power exercised in the country?

  7. Who does land, mineral raw materials, air space, water & other natural resources belong in Ukraine?

  8. What are the state symbols of Ukraine?

  9. What does the Chapter II of the Constitution assure?

  10. What does the Constitution guarantee to people?

  11. What are the duties of the citizens of Ukraine?

  12. How are the powers of the government divided?

Task 4. Pick out from the text all the word combinations with the following words and give their Ukrainian equivalents.

Law, power, to assert, right, equal

Task 5. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate preposition from the list below.

  1. … the Constitution the state symbols of Ukraine are the State Flag, the State Emblem & the State Anthem of Ukraine.

  2. Our Constitution gives us rights and obligations and makes us equal … the law.

  3. Respect … the state symbols is considered one of the main duties of citizens.

  4. We have to pay taxes and duties in the order and amount determined …the law.

  5. … June 28, 1996 the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine adopted the Fundamental Law of Ukraine.

  6. Ukraine is a Unitarian state … single citizenship.

  7. The Constitution of Pylyp Orlyk is made … of a preamble and 16 articles.

For, with, on, under, up, by, before.

Task 6. Translate the following sentences.

  1. On August 24, 1991, the Ukrainian Parliament solemnly proclaimed Ukraine’s independence and the formation of the independent state of Ukraine, proceeding from the right to self-determination, provided for by the UN Charter and other international documents, acting in pursuance of the Sovereignty declaration.

  2. The Constitution outlines the structure of the national government and specifies its powers and duties.

  3. Elections to the bodies of state power and bodies of local self-government are free, and are held on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot.

  4. In order to be elected as a deputy, a person must be a citizen of Ukraine, must be at least 21 years of age and have the right to vote, and must be resided in the territory of Ukraine for no les than the previous five years.

  5. Chapter II states that every person has the right to the free development of his/her personality as long as there are no violations of the rights and freedoms of other individuals, and has obligations before society where free and full development of the personality is assured.

  6. Citizens of Ukraine may participate in the administration of state affairs, in all-Ukrainian and local referendums, to elect freely and to be elected to bodies of state power and local self-government.

Task 7. Make the following sentences complete by translating the phrases in brackets.

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