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Memoranda

A memorandum (pi memoranda, abbreviation Memo) is sent to people or whole departments inside the organization, never to a customer.

Most companies print their own memo stationary, but the headings are always the same.

The text is divided into paragraphs.

• use bullet points to list items.

The subject line should summarize what the memo is about.

C.C. (means Carbon copies) indicates that you have sent a copy of the memo to someone else.

No greeting is written (such as Dear...)

Put your initials at the end, not your full name.

This is a memo warning staff that they may have problems with their computers.

*

MEMO

To: All staff

From: Sam Niel, I.T. Centre

C.C.: M.D.

Date: 18 August 2004

We ’II be upgrading the software installed on the network over the weekend. It is therefore possible that you may have problems ac­cessing your computer on Monday morning.

If this is the case, please do one of the following:

  • Press the restart key when the ‘access denied’ message comes up.

  • Phone extension 2291for help from a technician.

i

We are doing everything we can to make sure things go smoothly, and will be glad to help if you have any problems or queries. -

SN

LETTERS

A standard business letter has a particular layout, though there may be slight variations. The outline below is typical of a standard business letter.

  1. Sender’s address (NOT name)

  2. The company’s and the customer’s reference numbers

  3. Receiver’s address

  4. Date

  5. Salutations (when you know you reader’s name, you should always use it)

  6. The subject line summarizes what the letter is about

  7. The body of the letter should be clear and polite. Busi­ness letters are usually quite formal

  8. Letters that begin with a name (Dear Mr.../Mrs.../Ms..) end Yours sincerely. Letters that don’t begin with a name (Dear Sir/Madame/Customer) end Yours faithfully.

ISLE of SKYE

Tourist Information Centre

14 Broadway

Skye

Scotland

Our ref. LB/SKI

Your ref. SK1406

Ms L Haakinen

19 Kante 1

Helsinki

Finland

17 May 2004

Dear Ms Haakinen

Where to Stay on Skye’ brochure

Thank you for your letter of 10 May, asking for details of ac-

commodation on the island.

I have enclosed a copy of the ‘Where to Stay on Skye’ brochure

which contains information about hotel and bed and breakfast

accommodation.

You can book the accommodation directly by using the address­es/telephone numbers in the brochure.

Skye is a very beautiful place, and 1 hope you decide to spend some time discovering it for yourself. _

Yours sincerely,

Pete Wilkinson

Tourism Manager

enc. ‘Where to Stay’ brochure

Appendix

COMMON TELEX ABBREVIATIONS

About .. ABT

Above . ABV

And N

As soon as possible ASAP

Available .....AVAIL

Charge CHG

Cheque CHQ

Confirm CFM

Could CLD

Date/dated DT/DTD

Delivery DELY

Department DEPT

Development DEVT

Double bedroom DBLB

Error . EEEE

For the attention of ATTN

For your information FYI

ENGLISH FOR TOURISM 1

Предисловие Preface 3

TRAVELLING AND MEANS OF TRAVEL 8

WORD BANK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 8

DIALOGUE 1 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 9

DIALOGUE 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 10

TEXT ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 13

DIALOGUE 3 »■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 18

WRITING ■■■■■■■■ 18

TALKING POINTS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 20

Unit 2. Hiking and Camping 22

WORD BANK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 22

DIALOGUE 1 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 22

TEXT WORK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 25

TEXT. WORK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 27

WRITING ■■■■■■■■■■■■»»■■■■■ 30

Unit 3. Making Travel Arrangements 34

WORD BANK *■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 34

WORD BANK 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 37

DIALOGUE 1 37

DIALOGUE 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 38

WRITING 43

TALKING POINTS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 45

Unit 4. Travel by Rail 47

WORD BANK 47

DIALOGUE 1 48

Read and dramatize the dialogue. 48

DIALOGUE 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 49

TEXT WORK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 51

TEXT 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 52

DIALOGUE 4 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 54

TEXT WORK mmmmmmmmmmmammmmm 56

TEXT WORK -шавш.аввашшаааш. 62

Unit 5. Air Travel 76

1. 120

Unit 6. Travel by Sea and River — Cruises and Ferries 124

6._ _ 135

Unit 7. Coach Travel 150

Unit 8. Travelling by Car 168

Part II 191

HOTELS AND HOTEL BUSINESS Unit 1. The Accommodations Industry 191

Unit 2. Hotel Facilities and Other Services 203

Unit 3. Conference Facilities 222

Unit 4. Food and Beverage Service 239

Unit 5. The Reception Area 262

Unit 6. Careers in the Hotel Industry 286

BUSINESS WRITING REFERENCE SECTION 366

APPENDIX 373

BIBLIOGRAPHY 395

Payment PYMT

Please PLS/PSE

Quantity QTY

Re your letter RYL

Re your telex RYT

Receive/received RCV / RCVD

Regards RGDS

Repeat RPT

Required REQD

Return RTN

13. Заказ №2799

ENGLISH FOR TOURISM 1

Предисловие Preface 3

TRAVELLING AND MEANS OF TRAVEL 8

WORD BANK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 8

DIALOGUE 1 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 9

DIALOGUE 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 10

TEXT ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 13

DIALOGUE 3 »■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 18

WRITING ■■■■■■■■ 18

TALKING POINTS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 20

Unit 2. Hiking and Camping 22

WORD BANK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 22

DIALOGUE 1 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 22

TEXT WORK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 25

TEXT. WORK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 27

WRITING ■■■■■■■■■■■■»»■■■■■ 30

Unit 3. Making Travel Arrangements 34

WORD BANK *■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 34

WORD BANK 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 37

DIALOGUE 1 37

DIALOGUE 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 38

WRITING 43

TALKING POINTS ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 45

Unit 4. Travel by Rail 47

WORD BANK 47

DIALOGUE 1 48

Read and dramatize the dialogue. 48

DIALOGUE 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 49

TEXT WORK ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 51

TEXT 2 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 52

DIALOGUE 4 ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■ 54

TEXT WORK mmmmmmmmmmmammmmm 56

TEXT WORK -шавш.аввашшаааш. 62

Unit 5. Air Travel 76

1. 120

Unit 6. Travel by Sea and River — Cruises and Ferries 124

6._ _ 135

Unit 7. Coach Travel 150

Unit 8. Travelling by Car 168

Part II 191

HOTELS AND HOTEL BUSINESS Unit 1. The Accommodations Industry 191

Unit 2. Hotel Facilities and Other Services 203

Unit 3. Conference Facilities 222

Unit 4. Food and Beverage Service 239

Unit 5. The Reception Area 262

Unit 6. Careers in the Hotel Industry 286

BUSINESS WRITING REFERENCE SECTION 366

APPENDIX 373

BIBLIOGRAPHY 396

Your UR/YR

CITY/AIRPORT CODES

ABS.... Abu Simbel

ADE Aden

AMS Amsterdam

ASW Aswan

ATH Athens

BAH Bahrain

BCN Barcelona

BEY Beirut

BKK Bangkok

BRU Brussels

BUD Budapest

CAI Cairo

CAS Casablanca

CDG Paris — Ch. De Gaulle Apt

CGN Cologne

CPH Copenhagen

CPT Cape Townx

DUS Düsseldorf

DXB Dubai

EWR New York Newark Apt.

FCO Rome — Leon.DaVinci Fuimicino Apt.

FRA Frankfurt

GIG Rio de Janeiro

GVA Geneva

HAM Hamburg

HEL Helsinki

HKG Hong Kong

HRG Hurghada

IST Istanbul

JFK New York (JFK Apt.)

JNB Johannesburg

KIX Osaka Kansai Apt.

KNI Karachi

KRT Khartoum

KUL Kuala Lumpur

KWI Kuwait

LAX Los Angeles

LCA Lamaca

LCY.. London City Apt.

LEJ Leipzig

LGA New York La Guardia Apt.

LGW London Gatwick Apt.

LHR London Heathrow Apt.

LIS Lisbon

LXR Luxor

MAD Madrid

MAN j...Manchester

MEX Mexico City

MIA Miami

MLA Malta

MRS Marseille

MUC Munich

NRT Tokyo Narita Apt.

ORD; Chicago O’Hare Apt.

ORY Paris Orly Apt.

PEK Beijing

SEL Seoul

SIN ..Singapore

SSH Sharm El Sheikh

STN London Stansted Apt.

STO Stockholm

STR Stuttgart

SVO Moscow Sheremetyevo Apt.

SXF Berlin Schonefeld Apt.

SYD Sydney

TIP Tripoly

TUN Tunis

TXL Berlin Tegel Apt.

TYO Tokyo

VIE Vienna

YUL Montreal

ZRH Zurich

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