Future Forms

Future Indefinite (Will)	Be going to	Future Continuous	Future Perfect
decisions taken at the moment of speaking (on-the-spot decisions) Since it’s getting dark, I’ll turn on the light.	actions intended to be performed in the near future She’s going to visit her parents tomorrow.	actions in progress at a stated future time He’ll be sunbathing in Hawaii this time next week.	actions which will be finished before a stated future time She will have come back by the end of July. Note: by or not… until / till are used with Future Perfect. Until / till are normally used with Future Perfect only in negative sentences. She will have finished by 8 o’clock. (Not: until / till ) She won’t have finished until 8 o’clock.
hopes, fears, threats, offers, promises, warnings, predictions, requests, comments etc. esp. with: expect, hope, believe, I’m sure, I’m afraid, probably etc. I’m afraid I’ll be a little late.	planned actions or intentions Now that they’ve settled in their new house, they’re going to have a party.	actions which are the result of a routine (instead of Present Continuous) I’ll be seeing John tomorrow. (We work in the same office so we’ll definitely meet.)
actions or predictions which may (not) happen in the future She’ll probably buy the dress. (prediction) or actions which we cannot control and will inevitably happen He will be ten next year.	evidence that something will definitely happen in the near future Ann is going to have a baby. Look at the dark clouds in the sky! It’s going to rain.	when we ask politely about people’s arrangements to see if they can do something for us or because we want to offer to do something for them Will you be going to the supermarket? Can you buy me some tea?	Future Perfect Continuous _______________ duration of an action up to a certain time in the future. By the end of this year she will have been working here for two years.
things we are not sure about or haven’t decided to do yet She’ll probably be promoted. (not sure yet)	things we are sure about or we have already decided to do in the near future He’s going to be promoted. (The boss has decided to do it.)	Present Indefinite (future meaning) timetables/ programmes The plane reaches London at 9.45.	Present Continuous (future meaning) fixed arrangement in the near future Sally is seeing her dentist this week. (Sally has fixed an appointment.)

Time expressions used with:
Will / Be going to / Future Continuous	tomorrow, tonight, next week / month, in two / three etc days, the day after tomorrow, soon, in a week / month etc
Future Perfect	before, by, by then, by the time, until (is used only in negative sentences with this tense)
Future Perfect Continuous	by … for e.g. By next year he will have been working here for two years.

Exercise 15

Match the following sentences with the correct tense description.

Look out! That dog is going to bite you. I’ll be flying to Morocco this time tomorrow. 3. She is worried that he’ll be angry. 4. By 11 o’clock she’ll have been waiting for five hours. 5. The London train arrives at 4.45. I’m seeing my bank manager this morning. When I’m older, I’m going to learn to drive. I think I’ll make some tea. Do you want some? He’ll have finished by tomorrow afternoon. 10. Will you be going into town today? 11. I’m sure he’ll pass the test. 12. She’ll probably come early. 13. I’m going to buy a new car tomorrow.

fixed arrangement in the near future action which will be finished before a stated future time c. timetable d. evidence that something will definitely happen in the near future e. fear about the future future intention action in progress at a stated future time duration of an action up to a certain time in the future action intended to be performed in the near future something we are not sure about yet on-the spot decision polite enquiry about people’s arrangements m. prediction

1. …e…	2. ……	3. ……	4. ……	5. ……	6. ……	7. ……
8. ……	9. ……	10. ……	11. ……	12. ……	13. ……

Exercise 16

SHALL is used:	WILL is used:
With I / we in questions, suggestions, offers or when asking for advice. Shall we play tennis? What shall I do?	to express offers, threats, promises, predictions, warnings, requests, hopes, fears, on-the-spot decisions, comments (mainly with: think, expect, believe, I’m sure, hope, know, suppose and probably). I hope he’ll be on time.

Fill in will, won’t or shall.

Mum: Anna: Mum: Anna: Mum:

Anna! 1 …Will …you please stop making so much noise? I2 …… never finish this work if you don’t. But Mum, what 3 …… I do? If I don’t practise, I 4 ……pass my violin exam tomorrow. And I 5 …… be in trouble at work if I don’t finish this. Then I 6 …… get promoted. 7 …… I go upstairs then? Thanks Anna. That 8 …… help.

Exercise 17

Fill in will or be going to.

1.	A: B:	I‘ve lost my keys! I …'ll …help you look for them.
2.	A: B:	Watch out! You …… knock the vase over. Oh! I didn’t see it.
3.	A: B:	This ice-cream is delicious! Don’t eat any more. You ……be sick.
4.	A: B:	Here’s the waiter! Would you like a drink? Yes, please. I ……have a glass of water.
5.	A: B:	Have you seen John today? No, but I …… visit him this afternoon.
6.	A: B:	…… you have a biscuit with your tea? No, thank you. I’m on a diet.

Exercise 18

Choose the correct item.

Example:

• “I really need a drink.” “OK, I’ll buy / ‘m buying you one. What would you like?”

• “I really need a drink.” “OK, I'll buy you one. What would you like?”

1. “You look dreadful!” “I know, I'm seeing / 'll seethe doctor tomorrow at 4

o’clock.”

2. “Did you remember to water the plants today?” “Oh no, I forgot; I'll water /

water them now.”

3. I’ve already told you why I can’t see you tonight. I’m having / 'll haveguests.

4. I’m sorry, I promise I'll stay / 'll be staying out of trouble in the future.

5. I’m sure he'll understand / 's going to understand if you explain it to him

clearly.

6. I will have finished / will finish my exams by the end of August.

7. “I’ve burnt the dinner.” “Never mind, I'll go / 'm going to the restaurant and get a takeaway pizza.”

8. I'll have been working / 'll workhere for forty years by the time I retire next week.

9. “I forgot to invite Fergus to the party.” “That’s OK. I 'll see / will be seeinghim this afternoon.”

10. If I have / will haveenough money, I’ll buy a new bicycle.

11. I don’t think I'll have finished / 'll finish these exercises by three o’clock.

12. Excuse me, Colin. Will you be going / Will you goon holiday this year?

13. I’m not sure when I go / 'll goon holiday this year.

14. If we go / will goto Greece in this summer, we will visit the islands.

15. We can’t get into the office until Jane arrives / will arrive with the key.

16. I doubt if they are / will beon time.

Time words with no Future Forms
We never use future forms after: when (time conjunction), while, before, until, by the time, if (conditional), as soon as, after, etc. However we can use when or if + will if “when” is a question word and “if” means “whether”.	She’ll send us a letter when she has time. BUT When will you meet us? I don’t know if he will accept. (=whether)
With go and come we use Present Continuous rather than “be going to”.	She’s going to London next week. RATHER THAN She’s going to go to London next week.

Exercise 19

Match the sentences and fill in the correct tense.

She’ll call us 2. I don’t know 3. What ……. (you / do) Turn the lights off Don’t go out I …….(write) to you He will be angry If I give you $5,

until it ……………..(stop) raining. as soon as I ………………. (can). if you ………... (come) home late. if you have an accident? what ………………...(you / buy)? when he …………………(leave). before you …………..(go) to bed. as soon as she…reaches…(reach) London.

1. .… h … ………. ………. ………. ………. ………. ………. ……….

Exercise 20

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct future form.

Dear Debbie,

Since you want to know what I 1… 'm doing …(do) next week, I thought I’d write and let you know. It2 ……(be) a very busy week. On Monday3……(go) to York. I4 ……(probably / be) there for three days, and by Wednesday I5 ……(meet) every important artist in the town. If everything goes well, I6 ……(go) to Newcastle on Thursday morning. There I7 ……(meet) the chairman of the Arts Council. Then on Friday and Saturday I8…….(visit) several small towns in the area to see what their galleries are like. By Sunday I9 ……(travel) for days and I imagine I10 ……(be) very tired, so it looks like I11 ……(not / come) to your party on Sunday night. Sorry ! I hope you12 ……(invite) me to the next one. Give my love to Mike.

Love,

Susan

Exercise 21

Translate the sentences using the Future Indefinite, the Future Continuous,the Future Perfect,the Future Perfect Continuousor other tense forms expressing future meaning.

1. Дети будут делать уроки. Пойдем на кухню.

2. Я уверена, вы забудете меня к тому времени.

3. Он говорит, что, если я буду следовать его советам, все будет в порядке.

4. Он сказал, что, если я буду следовать его советам, все будет в порядке.

5. Джимми будет прыгать от радости, когда увидит тебя.

6. Сегодня мы сможем узнать результаты эксперимента, который проводился все эти недели.

7. Как только закончатся экзамены, все студенты разъедутся по домам.

8. Я уверен, что Анна опоздает или придет в самую последнюю минуту.

9. Возможно, что мы будем сдавать экзамен по грамматике во время весенней сессии. Будет трудно готовиться, если нам дадут только три дня перед экзаменом. Думаю, что мы попросим не менее пяти дней.

10. Мы едем в воскресенье в Загорск.

11. Позвони мне в семь часов. Я уверена, они уже уйдут к тому времени.

12. Я буду звонить Ольге в пять часов.

13. Он будет учиться здесь в течение пяти лет, прежде чем он получит

диплом.