Grammar: The Infinitive Constructions.

Uses of the Infinitive.

1. The Infinitive may be used alone: We began to walk down the road.

2. The Infinitive may be the subject of a sentence.

3. The Infinitive may be the complement of a verb: His plan is to keep the affair secret.

4. The Infinitive may be the object or part of the object of a verb: He wants to pay or He wants me to pay.

5. The Infinitive can be used after certain adjectives: angry, glad, happy, sorry, fortunate, likely, lucky.

6. The Infinitive can be used with too/ enough.

Ex.5. Translate into Kazakh

1. The first question to be considered is whether the offer of the sellers should be accepted.2. A committee headed by B. began to work out a resolution to be presented to the conference.3. The plan of our work will be discussed at the meeting to be held on may 25.4. The buyers agreed to accept the goods at a price to be fixed by arbitration.5. We stopped to have a smoke.6. Please send us your instructions at once to enable us to ship the machines by the 20^th May.

Ex.6. Translate into English.

1. Бақта қыдыру жанға өте жағымды. 2. Ол туралы ойдың өзі оны азаптады. 3. Оны таныған кезде ол қатты қуанатын. 4. Бұл сұрақты талқылау пайдасыз. 5. Бұл ережені жақсы түсіну үшін, мен оны бірнеше рет оқыдым. 6. Мен ол жерде не болатынын көру үшін қалдым. 7. Бұл мұражайды қарап шығу үшін менде әлі уақыт болған жоқ. 8. Ол бізге оқуға кітап алып келді.

Ex.7. Insert to where necessary.

1. I like .. play the piano.2. My brother can … write poems.3. We had … put on our overcoats because it was cold.4. They wanted … cross the river.5. It is time for you … go to bed.6. Let me .. help you with your homework.7. I was planning … do a lot of things yesterday.8. I think I shall be able .. solve this problem.9. What makes you … think you are right? 10. Do you like … listen to music?

Ex.8. Replace the group of words in italics by an Infinitive or an Infinitive constructions.

It is important that he should understand this.

It is important to him to understand this.

1. The captain was the last man who left the ship.2. Would you be very kind and lend me your umbrella?3. There are a lot of sheets that need mending.4. It is better that he should hear it from you.5. If he had another child with whom he could play he would be happier.6. He put his hand into his pocket and was astonished when he found that his wallet wasn’t there.7. I can’t go to the party; I have nothing that I can wear.8. Haven’t you anything with which you could open it? 9. The strikers decided that the strike should continue.10. He took out his spare wheel and was very disappointed when he discovered that that tyre was also punctured.

Ex.9. Translate the sentences into English.

1. Байсалды және ұстамды адам. Онымен іс жасау оңай. 2. Баланың өмірі қауіпсіз жағдайда екеніне көзін жеткізу үшін, дәрігер тағы да бір сағатқа қалды. 3. Ол (бұл) туралы ойламас үшін, мен көп жұмыс жасауға тырыстым. 4. Балаларды тыныштандыру мүмкін болмады. 5. Осы бір тамаша демалыс орнын ол бірінші болып ашты. 6. Мен сізге бар шындықты айттым. Менің сізден жасыратыным жоқ. 7. Сізге келіп кету үшін менде уақыт жеткілікті. 8. Ол үйінде болып, жолымыз болды. 9. Бұл жайында дауласуға тым кеш. Енді ештеңені өзгертуге болмайды. 10. Қызық-ақ, біздің қатемізге кім бірінші болып көңіл аударды екен.

UNIT 3

OUTSTANDING PERSONALITIES OF KAZAKHSTAN

Text: Shakarim Kudaiberdiev

Grammar: The Complex Object.

Shakarim Kudaiberdiev

The land of Chinghiztau gave the mankind Abai, Shakarim, Auezov, the steppe poets Magauya, Turagul and Akylbai. But ter­rible times came to this land in early XX-th - collectivization, repression, famine... The years of 1932 that dashed past Kazakhstan, like plague, carried away the most brilliant repre­sentatives of Kazakh intelligentsia Saken Seifullin, Beimbet Mailin, Ilias Dzansugurov, Akhmed Baitursynov, Sanzhar Asfendiarov, and Shakarim Kydaiberdiev.

Shakarim was a son of Abai's eldest brother and, left with­out a father at the age of six, was brought up by his great uncle. Before the death Abai sent his nephew on a journey about Turkey, Arabia, Egypt. Shakarim visited Mecca, Medina, Alexandria and Paris. He learned Turkish, Arabic Persian, had a perfect knowledge of Russian. He was in correspondence with the great Russian writer Leo Tolstoi, translated Pushkin's novel «Dubrovsky» for the Kazakh, the prose of L.Tolstoi and Beecher Stow, poems of Fizuli and Navoi, verses of Lermontov, Nekrasov and Bairon. He wrote a novel “Adil and Mariam”, a “Chronicle of Kazakh Khans” and philosophical treatise “Mohammedanism” and only death prevented him from finishing a multiple ethnophilosophical book”Kazakhs”.

Shakarim was a progressive man of his time. Alien to him were clan and national prejudices, as he believed that conscience and memory are the bedrock of human life. Shakarim returned boundless freedom to the literary language. There is a peculiar charm and a fascinating ease in his lines.

Abai and Shakarim have become a model of nobleness and a criterion of truth for the Kazakhs. “There is no place on the earth, where truth would not triumph” – wrote Shakarim and his words have proved prophetic. Only yesterday we could neither read Shakarim nor find his books, today we can admire every word of his verses and say, that justice in the long run has been restored. The literary legacy of the biggest long – suffering poet, philosopher and thinker of the late XIX – early XX-th centuries Shakarim Kudaiberdiev has now been made accessible to wide readers.