vk.com/club152685050Using the Adjoint Solver|–vk2D.com/id446425943La inar Flow Past a Cylinder

Figure 24.21: Mesh After Deformation

j.Re-converge the conventional flow calculation for this new geometry in the Run Calculation task page.

Solution → Run Calculation → Calculate

The currently loaded case file already has report definitions defined for lift and drag, or you can Evaluate the new values in the Adjoint Observables dialog box.

Design → Adjoint-Based → Observable...

The new values for drag and lift are reported to be:

Observable name: force-drag

Observable Value (n): 1151.1881

Observable name: force-lift

Observable Value (n): 122.87648

Note that the drag has changed by -120.4 N or -9.5% compared to the drag on the undeformed cylinder. This value compares very well with the change of -127.2 N (-10%) that was predicted from the adjoint solver. The lift has increased by 122.8 N, which again compares very well with the predicted change of 127.6 N.

24.5. Summary

This tutorial has demonstrated how to use the adjoint solver to compute the sensitivity of the drag and lift on a circular cylinder to various inputs for a previously computed flow field. The process of setting up and running the adjoint solver was illustrated. The steps to perform various forms of postprocessing were also described. The design change tool was used to make a multi-objective change to the design that reduced the drag and increased the lift in a predictable manner.

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Summary

This example considered multiple objectives at a single flow condition. Another powerful application

of the design tool is to perform multi-objective design changes using sensitivities computed for multiple flow conditions. This allows you to identify design changes that improve performance across a range

of anticipated operating conditions, potentially of differing importance. The design tool also offers a rich set of additional capabilities for including prescribed deformations, bounding planes / surfaces, and fixed-wall constraints in your multi-objective design change. For full details about how to use the design tool, refer to the Fluent User's Guide.

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Chapter 25:Simulating a Single Battery Cell Using the MSMD Battery

Model

This tutorial is divided into the following sections:

25.1.Introduction

25.2.Prerequisites

25.3.Problem Description

25.4.Setup and Solution

25.5.Summary

25.6.Appendix

25.7.References

25.1. Introduction

This tutorial is used to show how to set up a battery cell simulation in ANSYS Fluent.

This tutorial demonstrates how to do the following:

•Load the Battery module add-on

•Set up a battery cell simulation using the NTGK battery submodel

•Perform the calculations for different battery discharge rates and compare the results using the postprocessing capabilities of ANSYS Fluent

•Use the reduced order method (ROM) in a battery simulation

•Simulate a battery pulse discharge

•Introduce external and internal short-circuits in a battery simulation

25.2. Prerequisites

This tutorial is written with the assumption that you have completed one or more of the introductory tutorial Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Mixing Elbow (p. 35) found in this manual and that you are familiar with the ANSYS Fluent tree and ribbon structure. Some steps in the setup and solution procedure will not be shown explicitly.

25.3. Problem Description

The discharge behavior of a lithium-ion battery described in the Kim’s paper [2] will be modeled in this tutorial. You will use the NTGK model. The battery is a 14.6 Ah LiMn2O4 cathode/graphite anode battery. The geometry of the battery cell is shown in Figure 25.1: Schematic of the Battery Cell Problem (p. 824). You will study the battery’s behavior at different discharge rates.

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