Exercise 2 Make the corresponding verbs from the following adjectives.
legislativeѝ |
constructiveѝ |
correctiveѝ |
imaginativeѝ |
comparativeѝ |
possessiveѝ |
talkativeѝ |
descriptiveѝ |
supportiveѝ |
attractiveѝ |
executiveѝ |
creativeѝ |
Reading
Before you read, answer this question.
AreѝthereѝanyѝarticlesѝinѝtheѝConstitutionѝofѝtheѝRussianѝFederationѝthatѝ protectѝtheѝcitizensѝfromѝanyѝviolationѝofѝtheirѝrights?ѝ
Exercise 1 Read the text and give a title to it. Explain the meaning of the word «privacy» (consult a dictionary, if necessary).
Americansѝ haveѝ alwaysѝ valuedѝ theirѝ privacy.ѝ Theyѝ expectѝ toѝ beѝ leftѝ alone,ѝtoѝbeѝfreeѝfromѝunwarrantedѝsnoopingѝorѝspying,ѝandѝtoѝbeѝsecureѝ inѝtheirѝownѝhomes.ѝThisѝexpectationѝofѝprivacyѝisѝimportantѝandѝisѝprotectedѝbyѝtheѝU.S.ѝConstitution.ѝTheѝFourthѝAmendmentѝsetsѝoutѝtheѝ rightѝtoѝbeѝfreeѝfromѝ«unreasonableѝsearchesѝandѝseizures»ѝandѝestablishesѝconditionsѝunderѝwhichѝsearchѝwarrantsѝmayѝbeѝissued.ѝ
Balancedѝagainstѝtheѝindividual'sѝrightѝtoѝprivacyѝisѝtheѝgovernment'sѝ needѝtoѝgatherѝinformation.ѝInѝtheѝcaseѝofѝtheѝpolice,ѝthisѝisѝtheѝneedѝtoѝ collectѝevidenceѝagainstѝcriminalsѝandѝtoѝprotectѝsocietyѝagainstѝcrime.ѝ
Theѝsearchѝandѝseizureѝlawѝisѝcomplex.ѝCourtsѝlookѝatѝtheѝlawѝonѝaѝ case-by-caseѝbasis,ѝandѝthereѝareѝmanyѝexceptionsѝtoѝtheѝbasicѝrules.ѝ Onceѝanѝindividualѝisѝarrested,ѝitѝisѝupѝtoѝtheѝcourtsѝtoѝdecideѝwhetherѝ anyѝevidenceѝfoundѝinѝaѝsearchѝwasѝlegallyѝobtained.ѝIfѝaѝcourtѝfindsѝthatѝ theѝsearchѝwasѝunreasonable,ѝthenѝevidenceѝfoundѝinѝtheѝsearchѝcannotѝ beѝusedѝatѝtheѝtrialѝagainstѝtheѝdefendant.ѝ
Theѝpoliceѝdoѝnotѝneedѝprobableѝcauseѝtoѝstopѝandѝquestionѝindividualsѝ whomѝtheyѝreasonablyѝsuspectѝareѝinvolvedѝinѝcriminalѝactivity.ѝInѝsuchѝ cases,ѝtheѝpoliceѝmayѝaskѝforѝidentificationѝandѝforѝanѝexplanationѝofѝtheѝ suspiciousѝ behavior.ѝ Ifѝ askedѝ specificѝ questionsѝ aboutѝ aѝ crimeѝ withѝ whichѝyouѝmayѝbeѝinvolved,ѝyouѝdoѝnotѝhaveѝtoѝanswer.ѝHowever,ѝaѝ refusalѝtoѝcooperateѝmayѝresultѝinѝfurtherѝdetention.ѝInѝsomeѝcases,ѝitѝ mayѝprovideѝsufficientѝadditionalѝevidenceѝtoѝresultѝinѝaѝvalidѝarrest.ѝForѝ example,ѝsupposeѝaѝpoliceѝofficerѝhasѝreasonѝtoѝsuspectѝsomeoneѝofѝaѝ crime,ѝandѝtheѝpersonѝrefusesѝtoѝanswerѝtheѝpoliceѝofficer'sѝquestionsѝorѝ
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attemptsѝtoѝfleeѝwhenѝbeingѝapproachedѝbyѝtheѝofficer.ѝThisѝconduct,ѝ whenѝconsideredѝtogetherѝwithѝotherѝfactors,ѝmightѝprovideѝtheѝprobableѝcauseѝnecessaryѝtoѝarrest.ѝInѝaddition,ѝifѝaѝpoliceѝofficer,ѝbasedѝonѝ hisѝorѝherѝexperience,ѝthinksѝaѝpersonѝisѝbehavingѝsuspiciouslyѝandѝisѝ likelyѝtoѝbeѝarmed,ѝtheѝofficerѝmayѝstopѝandѝfriskѝ(patѝdown)ѝtheѝsuspectѝ forѝweapons.ѝOfficersѝmayѝneedѝtoѝobtainѝaѝwarrantѝbeforeѝtakingѝaѝ suspectѝintoѝcustody.ѝIfѝaѝpersonѝcommitsѝaѝfelonyѝorѝmisdemeanorѝ crimeѝinѝtheѝpresenceѝofѝaѝlawѝenforcementѝofficer,ѝtheѝofficerѝmayѝarrestѝtheѝpersonѝwithoutѝaѝwarrant.ѝ
Exercise 2 Find in the text the English equivalents for these word combinations.
незаконнаяѝ слежка;ѝ частнаяѝ жизнь;ѝ необоснованныйѝ обыскѝ иѝ конфискация;ѝ ордерѝ наѝ обыск;ѝ собиратьѝ улики/доказательства;ѝ исключениеѝ изѝосновныхѝ правил;ѝполученныеѝзаконнымѝпутем;ѝ бытьѝвовлеченнымѝвѝпреступнуюѝдеятельность;ѝвыѝнеѝобязаныѝотвечать;ѝдополнительныеѝулики;ѝпопыткаѝсбежать;ѝвестиѝсебяѝподозрительно;ѝвзятьѝподозреваемогоѝподѝарестѝ
Exercise 3 Insert appropriate prepositions.
1.Peopleѝexpectѝtoѝbeѝsecureѝ___ѝtheirѝownѝhomes.ѝѝ
2.Privacyѝisѝprotectedѝ___ѝtheѝU.S.ѝConstitution.ѝѝ
3.Theѝpoliceѝhaveѝtoѝprotectѝsocietyѝ____ѝcrime.ѝ
4.Thereѝareѝmanyѝexceptionsѝ___ѝtheѝbasicѝrules.ѝ
5.Ifѝ aѝ courtѝ findsѝ thatѝ theѝ searchѝ wasѝ unreasonable,ѝ thenѝ evidenceѝ foundѝ___ѝtheѝsearchѝcannotѝbeѝusedѝ___ѝtheѝtrialѝagainstѝtheѝdefendant.ѝѝ
6.Theѝpoliceѝquestionѝpeopleѝwhomѝtheyѝsuspectѝtoѝbeѝinvolvedѝ___inѝ criminalѝactivity.ѝ
7.Ifѝaskedѝspecificѝquestionsѝ___ѝaѝcrimeѝwithѝwhichѝyouѝmayѝbeѝinvolved,ѝyouѝdoѝnotѝhaveѝtoѝanswer.ѝ
8.Ifѝaѝpoliceѝofficer,ѝbasedѝ___ѝhisѝorѝherѝexperience,ѝthinksѝaѝpersonѝisѝ behavingѝsuspiciouslyѝandѝisѝlikelyѝtoѝbeѝarmed,ѝtheѝofficerѝmayѝstopѝ andѝfriskѝtheѝsuspectѝ___ѝweapons.ѝ
Exercise 4 Say whether these statements are true or false.
1.Theѝ Fourthѝ Amendmentѝ protectsѝ citizensѝ formѝ «unreasonableѝ searchesѝandѝseizures».ѝ
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2.Usuallyѝthereѝareѝnoѝexceptionsѝtoѝtheѝbasicѝrulesѝforѝsearchѝandѝseizureѝinѝcourtѝpractice.ѝ
3.Evenѝifѝaѝcourtѝfindsѝthatѝtheѝsearchѝwasѝunreasonable,ѝthenѝevidenceѝ foundѝinѝtheѝsearchѝareѝusedѝatѝtheѝtrialѝagainstѝtheѝdefendant.ѝѝ
4.Theѝpoliceѝdoѝnotѝneedѝprobableѝcauseѝtoѝstopѝandѝquestionѝindividuals.ѝ
5.Ifѝaskedѝspecificѝquestionsѝaboutѝaѝcrimeѝwithѝwhichѝyouѝmayѝbeѝinvolved,ѝyouѝnotѝhaveѝtoѝanswer.ѝ
6.Aѝrefusalѝtoѝcooperateѝmayѝresultѝinѝfurtherѝdetention.ѝ
7.Ifѝ aѝ policeѝ officerѝ thinksѝ aѝ personѝ isѝ behavingѝ suspiciouslyѝ andѝ isѝ likelyѝtoѝbeѝarmed,ѝitѝisѝillegalѝtoѝstopѝandѝfriskѝ(patѝdown)ѝtheѝsuspectѝ forѝweapons.ѝ
8.Ifѝaѝpersonѝcommitsѝaѝfelonyѝorѝmisdemeanorѝcrimeѝinѝtheѝpresenceѝ ofѝaѝlawѝenforcementѝofficer,ѝtheѝofficerѝhasѝtoѝobtainѝaѝwarrantѝtoѝarrestѝtheѝperson.ѝ
Exercise 5 Read the text.
The use of force and firearms
Aѝpoliceѝofficerѝmayѝuseѝasѝmuchѝphysicalѝforceѝasѝisѝreasonablyѝnecessaryѝtoѝmakeѝanѝarrest.ѝHowever,ѝmostѝpoliceѝdepartmentsѝlimitѝtheѝuseѝ ofѝdeadlyѝforceѝtoѝincidentsѝinvolvingѝdangerousѝorѝthreateningѝsuspects.ѝ Inѝ1985ѝtheѝU.S.ѝSupremeѝCourtѝwasѝaskedѝtoѝdecideѝwhetherѝitѝwasѝ lawfulѝforѝpoliceѝtoѝshootѝanѝ«unarmedѝfleeingѝfelonyѝsuspect».ѝInѝdecidingѝtheѝcase,ѝtheѝcourtѝruledѝthatѝdeadlyѝforceѝmayѝnotѝbeѝusedѝunlessѝ itѝisѝnecessaryѝtoѝpreventѝtheѝescape,ѝandѝtheѝofficerѝhasѝprobableѝcauseѝ toѝ believeѝ theѝ suspectѝ posesѝ aѝ significantѝ threatѝ ofѝ deathѝ orѝ seriousѝ physicalѝharmѝtoѝtheѝofficerѝorѝothers.ѝ
Ifѝaѝpoliceѝofficerѝusesѝtooѝmuchѝforceѝorѝmakesѝanѝunlawfulѝarrest,ѝtheѝ accusedѝmayѝbringѝaѝcivilѝactionѝforѝdamagesѝorѝpossiblyѝaѝcriminalѝactionѝforѝviolationѝofѝcivilѝrights.ѝInѝaddition,ѝmanyѝpoliceѝdepartmentsѝ haveѝproceduresѝforѝhandlingѝcitizenѝcomplaintsѝaboutѝpoliceѝmisconduct.ѝAѝpoliceѝofficer,ѝhowever,ѝisѝneverѝliableѝforѝfalseѝarrestѝsimplyѝ becauseѝtheѝpersonѝarrestedѝdidѝnotѝcommitѝtheѝcrime.ѝRather,ѝitѝmustѝ beѝ shownѝ thatѝ theѝ officerѝ actedѝ maliciouslyѝ orѝ hadѝ noѝ reasonableѝ groundsѝforѝsuspicionѝofѝguiltѝ
Forceѝisѝtoѝbeѝusedѝonlyѝwhenѝstrictlyѝnecessary.ѝ
Forceѝisѝtoѝbeѝusedѝonlyѝforѝlawfulѝlawѝenforcementѝpurposes.ѝ
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Damageѝandѝinjuryѝareѝtoѝbeѝminimized.ѝ
Allѝofficersѝareѝtoѝbeѝtrainedѝinѝtheѝuseѝofѝtheѝvariousѝmeansѝforѝdifferentiatedѝuseѝofѝforce.ѝ
Allѝofficersѝareѝtoѝbeѝtrainedѝinѝtheѝuseѝofѝnon-violentѝmeans.ѝ
Allѝincidentsѝofѝtheѝuseѝofѝforceѝorѝfirearmsѝshallѝbeѝfollowedѝbyѝreportingѝandѝreviewѝbyѝsuperiorѝofficials.ѝ
Firearmsѝareѝtoѝbeѝusedѝonlyѝinѝextremeѝcircumstances.ѝ
Firearmsѝareѝtoѝbeѝusedѝonlyѝinѝself-defenseѝorѝdefenceѝofѝothersѝ againstѝimminentѝthreatѝofѝdeathѝorѝseriousѝinjury.ѝ
ѝѝѝѝѝѝѝMedicalѝaidѝisѝtoѝbeѝrenderedѝtoѝallѝinjuredѝpersons.ѝ
Vocabulary
fleeingѝ |
совершающийѝпобегѝ |
toѝhandleѝ |
иметьѝделоѝсѝчем-либо,ѝразбиратьѝ |
reasonableѝgroundsѝ |
достаточныеѝоснованияѝ |
differentiatedѝ |
дифференцированныйѝ |
extremeѝ |
крайностьѝ |
toѝgoѝtoѝextremesѝ |
впадатьѝвѝкрайностиѝ |
circumstancesѝ |
обстоятельстваѝ |
under/inѝtheѝcircumstancesѝ |
приѝсложившихсяѝобстоятельствахѝ |
imminentѝ |
грозящий,ѝблизкий,ѝнависшийѝ |
toѝrenderѝ |
оказывать,ѝпредставлятьѝ |
Exercise 6 Complete these sentences.
1.ѝAѝpoliceѝofficerѝmayѝuseѝasѝmuchѝphysicalѝforceѝѝ ___________.ѝ 2.ѝMostѝpoliceѝdepartmentsѝlimitѝtheѝuse.ѝ ___________________.ѝ 3.ѝDeadlyѝforceѝmayѝnotѝbeѝusedѝunlessѝitѝisѝѝ _________________.ѝ 4.ѝIfѝaѝpoliceѝofficerѝusesѝtooѝmuchѝforceѝѝ ____________________.ѝ 5.ѝManyѝpoliceѝdepartmentsѝhaveѝproceduresѝforѝhandlingѝѝ ______.ѝ 6.ѝAѝpoliceѝofficerѝisѝneverѝliableѝforѝѝ _______________________.ѝ
Exercise 7 Translate these sentences into English.
1.Силаѝможетѝприменятьсяѝтолькоѝвѝслучаеѝкрайнейѝнеобходимости.ѝ
2.Полицейскиеѝ могутѝ применятьѝ оружиеѝ толькоѝ вѝ экстренныхѝ случаях.ѝ
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3.Еслиѝбылѝсовершенѝнезаконныйѝарест,ѝобвиняемыйѝвправеѝподатьѝиск.ѝ
4.Пострадавшимѝследуетѝоказатьѝмедицинскуюѝпомощь.ѝ
5.Огнестрельноеѝ оружиеѝ можноѝ использоватьѝ толькоѝ дляѝ самозащиты.ѝ
6.Еслиѝподозреваемыйѝопасенѝиѝвооружен,ѝполицейскийѝможетѝ произвестиѝарестѝбезѝордера.ѝ
Exercise 8 Say what words the pronoun those substitute in each case, and translate these sentences into Russian.
1.Anyѝlimitationѝonѝrightsѝshallѝbeѝonlyѝthoseѝconsistentѝwithѝtheѝdemocraticѝsociety.ѝ
2.Weѝinsistѝthatѝourѝrightsѝandѝthoseѝofѝotherѝpeopleѝshouldѝbeѝprotected.ѝ
3.AѝfewѝofficialsѝofѝtheѝUNѝandѝthoseѝrepresentingѝtheѝMetropolitanѝ PoliceѝofѝLondonѝparticipatedѝinѝtheѝdiscussion.ѝ
4.TheѝEuropeanѝcountriesѝandѝthoseѝwhichѝjoinedѝtheѝtreatyѝlaterѝmetѝinѝParis.ѝ
5.TheyѝapprovedѝallѝtheseѝmeasuresѝandѝthoseѝproposedѝbyѝSpain.ѝ
Over to you
What does the Law “On Militia” say about the use of firearms?
Reading
Before you read, answer these questions.
1.Whatѝrightsѝcanѝbeѝviolatedѝbyѝtheѝpolice/militiaѝduringѝtheѝinvestigativeѝactivities?ѝѝ
2.Whatѝcanѝbeѝdoneѝtoѝpreventѝtheseѝviolations?ѝ
Exercise 1 Read the text.
Police investigations
Aѝlawѝenforcementѝinvestigationѝofѝaѝcrimeѝmayѝbeginѝinѝmanyѝdifferentѝ waysѝsuchѝas:ѝ
Anѝofficerѝmayѝobserveѝaѝspeederѝonѝtheѝhighwayѝorѝanѝerraticѝdriverѝ whoѝmayѝbeѝintoxicatedѝandѝpullѝthemѝover.ѝѝ
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Aѝ«911»ѝcallѝofѝshotsѝfiredѝinѝaѝneighborhoodѝmayѝcauseѝpoliceѝtoѝbeѝ dispatchedѝtoѝdetermineѝtheѝcause.ѝѝ
Aѝpersonѝwhoѝhasѝbeenѝdefraudedѝbyѝaѝconѝartistѝmayѝcallѝlawѝenforcementѝ officersѝ toѝ reportѝ theѝ crimeѝ andѝ anѝ investigationѝ isѝ launchedѝbasedѝonѝtheѝvictim'sѝcomplaint.ѝѝ
Inѝinvestigations,ѝtheѝinterviewingѝofѝwitnesses,ѝvictimsѝandѝsuspects,ѝ personalѝsearches,ѝsearchesѝofѝvehiclesѝandѝpremises,ѝandѝtheѝinterceptionѝofѝcorrespondenceѝandѝcommunications:ѝ
Everyoneѝhasѝtheѝrightѝtoѝsecurityѝofѝtheѝperson.ѝ
Everyoneѝhasѝtheѝrightѝtoѝaѝfairѝtrial.ѝ
Everyoneѝisѝtoѝbeѝpresumedѝinnocentѝuntilѝprovedѝguiltyѝinѝaѝfairѝ trial.ѝ
Noѝpressure,ѝphysicalѝorѝmental,ѝshallѝbeѝexertedѝonѝsuspects,ѝwitnesses,ѝ orѝvictimsѝinѝattemptingѝtoѝobtainѝinformation.ѝ
Tortureѝandѝotherѝinhumanѝorѝdegradingѝtreatmentѝisѝabsolutelyѝprohibited.ѝ
Confidentialityѝandѝcareѝinѝtheѝhandlingѝofѝsensitiveѝinformationѝareѝtoѝ beѝexercisedѝatѝallѝtimes.ѝ
Noѝoneѝshallѝbeѝcompelledѝtoѝconfessѝorѝtoѝtestifyѝagainstѝhimself.ѝ
Investigationsѝshallѝserveѝtoѝidentifyѝvictims;ѝrecoverѝevidence;ѝdiscoverѝ witnesses;ѝ discoverѝ cause,ѝ manner,ѝ locationѝ andѝ timeѝ ofѝ crime;ѝ andѝ identifyѝandѝapprehendѝperpetrators.ѝ
Crimesѝscenesѝshallѝbeѝcarefullyѝprocessed,ѝandѝevidenceѝcarefullyѝcollectedѝandѝpreserved.ѝ
Vocabulary
erraticѝ странныйѝ conѝartistѝ аферист,ѝмошенникѝ toѝsearchѝ обыскиватьѝ premisesѝ помещениеѝ
interceptionѝ перехват,ѝподслушиваниеѝ toѝpresumeѝ полагать,ѝсчитатьѝ toѝexertѝ оказыватьѝдавлениеѝ tortureѝ пыткаѝ
treatmentѝ отношениеѝ toѝprohibitѝ запрещатьѝ
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sensitiveѝ |
важный,ѝзначимый,ѝсекретныйѝ |
toѝexerciseѝ |
проявлятьѝ |
toѝcompelѝ |
заставлятьѝ |
toѝconfessѝ |
признавать,ѝсознаватьсяѝ |
toѝtestifyѝ |
даватьѝпоказания,ѝсвидетельствоватьѝ |
toѝrecoverѝ |
добиватьсяѝполученияѝ |
toѝdiscoverѝ |
раскрыватьѝ |
perpetratorѝ |
нарушитель,ѝпреступникѝ |
Exercise 2 Give the English equivalents for these word combinations.
подѝ воздействиемѝ наркотиков;ѝ установитьѝ причину;ѝ обманутыйѝ мошенником;ѝначинатьѝрасследованиеѝнаѝоснованииѝжалобыѝпотерпевшего;ѝ личныйѝ досмотр;ѝ правоѝ наѝ личнуюѝ безопасность;ѝ правоѝнаѝсправедливыйѝсуд;ѝпопыткаѝполучитьѝинформацию;ѝунизительноеѝ обращение;ѝ конфиденциальнаяѝ информация;ѝ свидетельствоватьѝпротивѝсебяѝ
Exercise 3 Say whether these statements are true or false.
1.ѝInѝpersonalѝsearchesѝyouѝhaveѝtheѝrightѝtoѝsecurityѝofѝperson.ѝ 2.ѝTortureѝisѝacceptableѝwhenѝdealingѝwithѝdangerousѝcriminals.ѝ
3.ѝItѝisѝimpossibleѝtoѝexerciseѝconfidentialtyѝinѝintecepringѝcommunications.ѝ
4.ѝInvestigatorsѝcanѝnotѝexertѝpressureѝonѝwitnessesѝtoѝobtainѝinformation.ѝ
Exercise 4 Translate these sentences paying attention to the forms of the infinitive.
1.Heѝattemptedѝtoѝobtainѝinformation.ѝ
2.Everyoneѝisѝtoѝbeѝpresumedѝinnocentѝuntilѝprovedѝguilty.ѝ
3.Confidentialityѝisѝtoѝbeѝexercisedѝatѝallѝtimes.ѝ
4.Noѝoneѝshallѝbeѝmadeѝtoѝtestifyѝagainstѝhimself.ѝ
5.Investigationsѝshallѝserveѝtoѝidentifyѝvictimsѝfirst,ѝtoѝrecoverѝevidenceѝ andѝdiscoverѝwitnesses.ѝ
Exercise 5 Sum up the information of the text above. Say which of the rules about police investigations seems most important to you and why.
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Exercise 6 Translate the following paragraph in writing.
Human rights
Theѝmilitiaѝareѝprohibitedѝtoѝresortѝtoѝtortures,ѝviolence,ѝotherѝsevereѝ orѝ humiliatingѝ humanѝ advantageѝ whileѝ handling;ѝ useѝ ofѝ weapon,ѝ physicalѝstrengthѝandѝspecialѝmeansѝisѝallowedѝonlyѝinѝspecialѝcases,ѝ specifiedѝinѝtheѝlegislation.ѝItѝisѝalsoѝmentionedѝinѝtheѝLawѝ«OnѝMilitia»ѝaboutѝequalѝhumanѝrightsѝirrespectiveѝofѝgender,ѝrace,ѝnationality,ѝ language,ѝorigin,ѝstatusѝandѝofficialѝcapacity,ѝresidence,ѝbelongingѝtoѝ religion,ѝ belief,ѝ belongingѝ toѝ publicѝ associationsѝ andѝ otherѝ circumstances.ѝѝ
Over to you
Are the rules, described in the paragraph above, followed by the militiamen in Russia? What measures are taken by the law enforcement officials to prevent any violation of human rights? Write a paragraph on the topic.
Reading
Exercise 1 Read the text. Pay attention to the use of «shall», which is translated as «должен».
Arrest and detention
Anyoneѝwhoѝisѝarrestedѝshallѝbeѝinformed,ѝatѝtheѝtimeѝofѝtheѝarrest,ѝofѝ theѝreasonsѝforѝhisѝarrest.ѝ
Anyoneѝwhoѝisѝarrestedѝshallѝbeѝbroughtѝpromptlyѝbeforeѝaѝjudicialѝauthority.ѝ
Anyoneѝwhoѝisѝarrestedѝshallѝhaveѝtheѝrightѝtoѝappearѝbeforeѝaѝjudicialѝauthorityѝ forѝtheѝpurposeѝofѝhavingѝtheѝlegalityѝofѝhisѝarrestѝorѝdetentionѝreviewedѝwithoutѝ delay,ѝandѝshallѝbeѝreleasedѝifѝtheѝdetentionѝisѝfoundѝtoѝbeѝunlawful.ѝ
Anyoneѝwhoѝisѝarrestedѝhasѝtheѝrightѝtoѝtrialѝwithinѝaѝreasonableѝtime,ѝorѝ toѝrelease.ѝ
Detentionѝpendingѝtrialѝshallѝbeѝtheѝexceptionѝratherѝthanѝtheѝrule.ѝ
Allѝarrestedѝorѝdetainedѝpersonsѝshallѝhaveѝaccessѝtoѝaѝlawyerѝorѝotherѝ legalѝ representative,ѝ andѝ adequateѝ opportunityѝ toѝ communicateѝ withѝ thatѝrepresentative.ѝ
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Aѝrecordѝofѝeveryѝarrestѝmustѝbeѝmadeѝandѝshallѝinclude:ѝtheѝreasonѝforѝ theѝarrest;ѝtheѝtimeѝofѝtheѝarrest;ѝtheѝtimeѝtransferredѝtoѝaѝplaceѝofѝcustody;ѝtheѝtimeѝofѝappearanceѝbeforeѝaѝjudicialѝauthority;ѝtheѝidentityѝofѝ officersѝinvolved;ѝpreciseѝinformationѝonѝtheѝplaceѝofѝcustody;ѝandѝdetailsѝofѝinterrogation.ѝ
Theѝfamilyѝofѝtheѝarrestedѝpersonѝshallѝbeѝnotifiedѝpromptlyѝofѝhisѝarrestѝ andѝplaceѝofѝdetention.ѝ
Vocabulary
detentionѝ |
задержаниеѝ |
promptlyѝ |
быстро,ѝоперативноѝ |
toѝreviewѝ |
рассматриватьѝ |
delayѝ |
задержкаѝ |
withoutѝdelayѝ |
незамедлительноѝ |
pendingѝ |
до,ѝвѝожиданииѝ |
preciseѝ |
точныйѝ |
Exercise 2 Translate these word combinations, make sentences with them.
atѝtheѝtimeѝofѝtheѝarrest;ѝtheѝreasonsѝofѝtheѝarrest;ѝtoѝhaveѝtheѝrightѝtoѝdoѝ so;ѝforѝtheѝpurposeѝofѝhavingѝtheѝlegality;ѝwithoutѝthisѝopportunityѝ
Exercise 3 Translate these sentences into Russian using the modals.
1.Человек,ѝкоторогоѝарестовали,ѝдолженѝбытьѝпроинформированѝ оѝпричинахѝареста.ѝ
2.Человеку,ѝ которогоѝ арестовали,ѝ должноѝ бытьѝ предоставленоѝ правоѝнаѝадвоката.ѝ
3.Человека,ѝкоторогоѝарестовалиѝвчера,ѝдолжныѝбылиѝосвободитьѝ из-подѝстражи,ѝтакѝкакѝегоѝарестѝбылѝпроизведенѝнезаконно.ѝ
4.Семьеѝарестованногоѝдолжныѝбылиѝсообщитьѝобѝарестеѝиѝместеѝ содержанияѝподѝстражей.ѝ
5.Каждыйѝарестѝдолженѝбытьѝзарегистрирован.ѝ
6.Полицейскомуѝследовалоѝбыѝпроинформироватьѝарестованногоѝ оѝегоѝправах.ѝ
7.Какѝутверждаетѝобвиняемый,ѝарестѝмогѝбытьѝпроизведенѝнезаконно.ѝ
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