Index

Symbols & Numerics

& (ampersand) character, 136 * (asterisk) wildcard, 193, 749

$ (dollar sign) key (Light view), 692 - - (double hyphens), 1132

? (question mark) wildcard, 193, 749 0 key (Render to Texture), 35

1-rail sweep surface tool, 466–467

2D. See shape primitives 2D, drawing in, 349–350 2D maps, 605–615

2D space, 61

2-point perspective, 662

2-rail sweep surface tool, 466

3D maps, 615–622

3D models on CD-ROM, 1218–1219 3D, moving splines to, 384–388 3D space, 61–62

3D Studio file, importing and exporting, 98–99 3ds max on the Web map command (Help menu),

37, 59

6 key (Particle View editor), 35

8 key (Environment and Effects dialog box), 11, 35, 998 9 key (Advanced Lighting panel), 713

A

About 3ds max command (Help menu), 37, 1198 absolute pasting, 832

Acceleration Controls, 1041–1042 accessing

ActiveShade window, 979 assembly, 238

Asset Manager, 123

Curve Editor, Dope Sheet, and Track Bar layouts, 820

file, 91–92

frames and keys, 54 group, 236

Layer Manager, 208 Layers toolbar, 208 Material Editor, 10, 549 Material/Map Browser, 561

MAXScript editor window, 1123 Mirror dialog box, 219

Numeric Expression Evaluator, 57 Preferences Settings dialog box, 93, 147 quadmenu, 56

Render Scene dialog box, 18, 982 Schematic View, 245, 249, 250 Snapshot dialog box, 221

Time Configuration dialog box, 734 Track View, 245

Viewport Configuration dialog box, 71 Visual MAXScript Editor, 1145

actions and particles, 536–541

Activate All Maps command (Views menu), 30, 603

activating grid, 289

ActiveShade Floater command (Rendering menu), 35, 981

ActiveShade Viewport command (Rendering menu), 35, 981

ActiveShade window keyboard shortcuts, 1215

previewing render in, 979–982 quick rendering and, 9

Adaptive Degradation command (Views menu), 82 Adaptive Degradation feature, 80–82

Adaptive Degradation Toggle, 30

Add Atmospheric Effect dialog box, 1006

Add Custom Attribute command (Animation menu), 34, 755

Add Default Lights to Scene command (Views menu), 30, 689

Add Display Filter dialog box, 205, 206

Add Effect dialog box, Blur Parameters rollout, 1033, 1034

Add External Event dialog box, 1104, 1105

Add Image Filter Event dialog box, 1100–1103, 1106 Add Image Input Event dialog box, 1097–1098

Add Loop Event dialog box, 1104–1105 Add Parameter dialog box, 34, 755

Add Quad button and patches, 441–442 Add Scene Event dialog box, 1099–1100 Add Tri button and patches, 441–442 adding

effects to scene, 1006 event to queue, 1097–1098 highlights, 1110–1112

key, 830

light to assembly, 238 menu, 137

special effects, 17–18, 1183–1187 XRef proxy, 119–120, 121

XRef Scene, 116–117 adjusting fins, 876–877 Adobe

After Effects, 1086–1087 Illustrator file

importing and exporting, 99

importing vector drawing from, 109–111 Photoshop

compositing with, 1083–1084 digital image, capturing, 581 fishing net, creating, 582–583

material texture, creating using, 578–581 Premiere

overview of, 1085–1086 Transition filter, 1104

Advanced Effects rollout, 697–698

Advanced Lighting Override material, 719–720, 728 Advanced Quad Menu Options dialog box, 135–136 Advanced Surface Approximation dialog box, 459 AEC Objects, 1176–1179, 1191

1222 Index A

Affect Region modifier, 324–325 After Effects (Adobe), 1086–1087

AfterBurn plug-in (Partners CD), installing and using, 1156–1157

aging object, 633–634 aiming camera, 657–658, 659 airplane

flying around globe, 246–247 grouping parts of together, 236–237 looping path, following, 743–744

sparkling light effects, making, 1031–1033 Align Camera command (Tools menu), 28, 658–660 Align command (Tools menu), 28, 285–286

Align Selection dialog box, 285–286

Align to View command (Tools menu), 28, 288 Align to View dialog box, 288

aligning. See also grids camera, 658–660

elements in Visual MAXScript Editor, 1148 objects, 285–288

pivot point, 283

All in Cache command (Filter menu), 124 Alt key

custom menus and, 136 deselecting object and, 195 navigating menus with, 26 selecting track and, 827

Alt+6 (hide main toolbar), 37 Alt+A (Align), 28, 285

Alt+B (Viewport Background), 11, 29, 84 Alt+Ctrl+F (Fetch), 27, 303

Alt+Ctrl+H (Hold), 27, 303 Altitude, 702

Alt+N (Normal Align), 28, 286

Alt+Q (Isolate Selection), 28, 198, 863 Alt+Shift+Ctrl+B (Update Background Image), 29, 85 Alt+Shift+Ctrl+L (load UV coordinates), 645 Alt+Shift+Ctrl+P (Get Selection from Viewport), 645 Alt+W (Min/Max Toggle), 69

Alt+Z (Zoom), 65

Ambient color swatch, 547 ambient light, 687, 689 Ambient mapping, 628 ampersand (&) character, 136 anatomy, 857–858

animating

arm, 909–910

camera, 15–16, 746–747 day in 20 seconds, 703–705 light, 747

material, 747–749 motion, 13–14 puppet, 905–906 rotating wheel, 14–15 spyglass, 908, 909 texture, 750–752

animation

background, loading, 85–86 character

saving and inserting, 891 techniques, 893–894

concept for, 3–4 merging, 892–893

montage of, creating, 1085–1086 previewing, 752–754

Animation menu

assigning controllers with, 779–780 overview of, 33–34

animation path and spline, 772, 773 Animation Sample Rates dialog box, 104, 105 Animation→Add Custom Attribute, 34, 755 Animation→Constraints, 768

Animation→IK Solver, 903 Animation→Make Preview, 18

Animation→Wire Parameters→Parameter Wiring Dialog, 239

Anisotropic shader, 570–571 Anisotropy mapping, 630

.ANM extension, 891 anti-aliasing

disabling to speed render, 989 settings for, 1041 SuperSampling rollout and, 575

apple, cloning, 218–219 Applied IK method, 902–903 applying

constraints, 768 damage to car, 311 decal, 639–640

mapping coordinates, 638 material, 9–11

modifier, 298

modifier to subobject selections, 343–344 multiple materials, 597–599

raytrace material, 1046–1047 Skin modifier, 884–885

Arc primitive, 355

Architectural material, 1179–1180, 1191 architecture, 1175–1180

Archive command (File menu), 27, 93 archiving file, 93

archway, lighting with radiosity, 726–727 Area Shadows, 687–688

arm

adding to torso, 444 animating, 909–910 attaching to chest, 866–867

extensible linkage, building, 898–899 as linked hierarchy, 871

array

circular, 227–229 creating, 226 description of, 213 linear, 226–227 MAXScript and, 1136 ring, 230–233

spiral, 229–230, 231

Array command (Tools menu), 28, 226 Array dialog box, 226, 227

artifact, 575 artificial light, 685

ASCII Export dialog box, 106 ASCII scene file, exporting, 106 assembly, building, 237–240 Asset Browser utility, 122–124 Assign Controller dialog box, 260

Index A–B 1223

Assign Position Controller dialog box, 780

Assign Renderer rollout (Render Scene dialog box), 987–988

Assign to Selection command (Material menu), 556 Assign Vertex Color utility, 1169

Assign Vertex Colors command (Tools menu), 28 assigning

color to object, 164–165 controller

with Animation menu, 779–780 automatically, 778–779

in Motion panel, 780

in Track View (window), 780–781

and wiring parameters to node, 260–261 environment map, 11, 35

IK Solver, 872

keyboard shortcut, 130–131 material to object, 556 stroke to command, 153 vertex colors, 1166

Assume Skin Pose command (Character menu), 890 asterisk (*) wildcard, 193, 749

atmospheric effects creating, 1005–1006 Fire, 1006–1011 Fog, 1011–1015

Attach button (Command Panel) meshes and, 395

patches and, 436 splines and, 366

Attach command (Group menu), 236 Attach Controls dialog box, 799, 800

Attach Mult. button (Command Panel), 366, 457 Attachment constraint, 767, 768–769, 770 attenuation, 697

Audio controller, 783 Authorization Wizard, 1196

Authorize 3ds max command (Help menu), 37 authorizing software, 1196–1197

Auto Backup feature, 94, 95–96 Auto Key mode, 736–737, 738

Auto Secondary Lens Effect, 1030–1031 AutoCAD (Discreet), 1175

AutoCAD DWG/DXF Import Options dialog box, 100 AutoCAD file, importing and exporting, 99–100 AutoCAD VIZ (Discreet), 1175

AutoGrid feature, 290–291, 350 Automatic Exposure Control, 1001

Automatic Welding option (Command Panel), 367 avalanche, creating, 539, 540

Axis Constraints toolbar, 41, 278

Axis Scaling option (Hedra primitive), 178 Axonometric view, 62

Azimuth, 702

B

backburner

Manager General Properties dialog box, 1073 overview of, 1058

Server General Properties dialog box, 1068, 1069, 1074–1075

Server Logging Properties dialog box, 1075 backface culling, 150, 201

background animation character animation and, 894 loading, 85–86

background color, setting, 999 background image

compositing, 1112–1113 loading, 11–13, 84–85, 86–87 matching camera to, 665–668

Schematic View window and, 264, 265–266 selecting to use as environment map, 999–1000 setting to low-res, 150, 151

backing up file, 95–96 backlight

adjusting color and intensity of, 559 description of, 686

Backup on Save option, 93 balloon, inflating, 815, 816 ballooning in New York, 593–594

Barycentric Morph controller, 779, 797 Base Object, 297–298, 474

basketball shooting practice, 525–526 batch rendering, 1078–1079

Batch Track rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 671, 672 battleship, using MultiRes modifier on, 1163–1164 bee buzzing about flower, 284–285

bench, park, creating, 495–496 Bend modifier, 312–313

Bevel button

meshes and, 404–405 patches and, 444–445 Bevel Deformation, 507, 508

Bevel modifier, 386–387, 388, 642

Bevel Profile modifier, 386–387, 388, 642 Bézier controller, 783–784

Bézier Corner type vertex, 369 Bézier type vertex, 369

Bind button (Command Panel) patches and, 438

splines and, 372, 373 binding objects, 898 Birth action, 536

Bitmap map, 605, 609–611

Bitmap Parameters rollout (Bitmap map), 609–610 Bitmap/Photometric Path Editor utility, 634–635 black hole, creating, 1183–1184

Blend material, 586–587, 748–749 Blinn shader, 568–570

Blizzard particle system, 514, 529 BlobMesh object

character modeling and, 867–868 description of, 473, 486–488, 1190 icy geometry, creating with, 1185

Block controller, 798–799, 800 Block Parameters dialog box, 799 Blowup Region option, 82, 83 blue button, 57

Blur render effect, 1033–1035

body, building. See also bones system; specific body parts

BlobMesh objects, 867–868 hair, 868–869

hands and feet, 868

modeling techniques, 863–867 structure, defining, 859–862

1224 Index B–C

Bomb Space Warp, 931, 932

Bone Parameters rollout, 872–873 Bone rollouts, 872

Bone Tools command (Character menu), 33 Bone Tools palette, 874–878

bones system

Bone Tools palette, 874–878 building, 871–874

IK Solver, assigning, 872 as linked hierarchy, 871

parameters, setting, 872–873 for puppet, 873–874

Skin modifier and, 878–886 bookmark, saving view as, 253–254 Boolean controller, 794

Boolean object, modeling with, 496–500 Boolean operations

Collapse utility, 304, 305 routing custom shelf, 384–385

Spline subobjects, editing, 377–378 Border subobject, editing

Editable Poly object and, 415–416 meshes and, 404–408

Border subobject mode, 866 bottle, plastic, squeezing, 305–306 bowl, glass, filling, 956–957 bowling strike, 948–949

Box primitive, 171

bracket keys and zooming, 65, 66 branching hierarchy of bones, 871–872 Break button (Command Panel)

meshes and, 397–398 patches and, 439 splines and, 366

Brightness and Contrast render effect, 1035 browser-based reference guides, 58–59 Brush Options dialog box, 1167–1168 bullet, extruding, 423, 424

bump map, 603, 631 buttons

Absolute/Offset toggle, 275 Bevel Deformation, 508 Boolean options, 378

Camera Navigation Control, 657 changing appearance of, 133

Controller toolbar (Track View), 824–825

Curves and Display toolbars (Track View), 822–823 Deformation dialog box, 505–506

Edit UVW interface, 644 Envelope properties, 880 Field of View, 661

Fit Deformation dialog box, 509

Geometry rollout (Command Panel), 365–367 Key Controls, 736

Key Tangents, 741

Key Tangents toolbar (Track View), 823–824 Keys toolbar (Track View), 822

Layer Manager, 209

Light Navigation controls, 693 Material Editor, 550–552

Material/Map Browser View Options, 563 Mirror options, 379

Modifier Stack, 299

Modify and Utility panels, customizing, 138–139

NURBS Creation Toolbox, 460–462 Path Rollout, 502

RAM Player, 995

Ranges and Extras toolbars (Track View), 826 Schematic View navigation, 253

Schematic View toolbar, 251–253 select (main toolbar), 191

Snap, 292

Submaterial Navigation, 566 Time Controls, 733–734

Time toolbar (Track View), 824 Tools toolbar (Track View), 825

Track Selection, Key Stats, and Navigation toolbars (Track View), 828

transform, 271 Transform Center, 277

Video Post toolbar, 1094–1095

Visual MAXScript Editor toolbar, 1146–1147

C

C key (make active viewport into camera view), 654 camera. See also Camera Tracker utility; Multi-Pass

Camera Effects aiming, 657–658, 659 aligning, 658–660 animating, 15–16, 746–747 controlling, 656–657

matching to background image, 665–668 overview of, 653–654

parameters, setting, 661–664 positioning, 15–16, 655 viewpoint, creating, 654–656

Camera Correction modifier, 662–664 Camera Map modifier, 641

Camera Match command (Tools menu), 28 Camera Match utility, 665–668

camera object, 47, 654

Camera Points, creating, 665–666, 669 Camera Tracker utility

automating process, 671, 672 Camera Points and, 669–670 loading movie file, 669 matching camera, 673 overview of, 668

pinning object, 674

smoothing camera motion, 673–674 stepping through frames, 671 tracker gizmo, 670

traffic cone, tracking camera zooming past, 674–675

camera view, 67

Cameras command (Create menu), 654 can

adding spray to, 522 spilling soda from, 523, 524

canceling redraw, 74 render, 753

Cap Holes modifier, 420 Capsule primitive, 179

car. See also monster truck; tire applying damage to, 311

applying Motion Blur effect to, 681–682

Index C 1225

deforming, 763

headlights, showing, 707–708 carousel, creating, 232–233 cartoon

learning from, 893 turtle, creating, 596–597

case-insensitivity of MAXScript, 1121 Caustics (mental ray), 1053–1054, 1186–1187 CD-ROM files

contents, 1218–1219

installing to hard drive, 1217–1218 system requirements, 1217 troubleshooting, 1219

Cellular map, 615–616

Center in Dialog menu (Visual MAXScript Editor), 1148 C-Ext primitive, 183

chair, throwing shirt over, 961–962 Chamfer button (Command Panel)

Editable Poly object and, 414 meshes and, 398, 399 splines and, 372

ChamferBox primitive, 178 ChamferCyl primitive, 179

Channel Info command (Tools menu), 28, 1165 Channel Info utility, 1191

Channel Parameters rollout (Morpher modifier), 759–760

channels, 1164–1166 character

animating, 891, 893–894

creating from primitives, 859–860, 861, 863 description of, 857

destroying, 888 details of, 858

linking with Schematic View, 261–262 locking and unlocking, 890 Pacman-like, making, 323

saving and loading, 888 skin pose, setting, 890 symmetry and, 858 understanding, 857–858

Character Map application, 358 Character Members rollout, 889 Character menu, 33

character modeling, 859–869 Character node, 887–888 Character→Assume Skin Pose, 890 Character→Bone Tools, 33 Character→Create Character, 33 Character→Destroy Character, 33, 888 Character→Save Character, 888

Check for Updates to 3ds max 6 dialog box, 1198–1199 Checker map, 611

checkers

board, creating, 432–433 move, animating, 848–850

chest

attaching arm to, 866–867 muscles, creating, 864–865

child object, 241

.chr extension, 89 Circle primitive, 354 circular array, 227–229

Clean MultiMaterial utility, 599 clipping panes, 76, 662, 663

Clone command (Edit menu), 27, 213 Clone Options dialog box, 213, 214, 216 cloning

object, 213–219 over time, 221–223

Close button (Command Panel), 380 Close command (Group menu), 236 closed edge, 402

closing

ActiveShade window, 9 assembly, 238

group, 236 clothing, modeling, 868

clouds, creating, 1009–1011 clown head, modeling, 400–401 Collapse button and meshes, 400 Collapse utility, 303–304, 305 collapsing

to mesh object, 390 Stack, 303–304

collection (MAXScript), 1135–1136 collision detection, 960

color

assigning to object, 164–165 customizing, 138

gamma correction and, 155 as material property, 547–548 photometric light, 701 Schematic View nodes, 254

Color Balance render effect, 1035 color bleeding, 715–716, 717

Color by Elevation rollout, 483, 484

Color Clipboard command (Tools menu), 28, 166 Color Clipboard utility, 166

color cues, 56–57 Color Map graph, 608

Color Modifier maps, 624 Color RGB controller, 796–797 Color Selector dialog box, 165 coloring bones, 876

Combustion (Discreet), 1019, 1088–1090 Combustion map, 611–612, 1089, 1090 Command Panel

Adjust Transform rollout, 283 Automatic Welding option, 367 buttons

Attach Mult., 366, 457 Bind, 372, 373, 438 Break, 366, 397–398, 439

Chamfer, 372, 398, 399, 414 Close, 380

Connect, 370, 414

Create Line, 366

Cross Section, 366–368 CrossInsert, 371 Cycle, 371

Delete, 375, 397, 444 Divide, 375, 402 Explode, 380, 395 Extend, 380

Fillet, 371

Continued

1226 Index C

Command Panel (continued) buttons (continued)

Fuse, 370

Grid Align, 396

Hide, 372, 439 Insert, 367 Make First, 370 Mirror, 378–379 Outline, 377, 416 Pivot, 282 Refine, 369

Remove Isolated Vertices, 396, 400 Reverse, 377

Tangent Copy and Tangent Paste, 372 Unbind, 372, 438

Unhide All, 372, 439 View, 396

Weld, 370, 414

Camera Point Info rollout, 666 Create panel, 45–48, 161–162 Creation Method rollout, 352–353 Curve Approximation rollout, 459 Display panel, 51–52, 205–206 General rollout, 457–458, 695–696 Geometry rollout, 365–368 Hierarchy panel, 50, 245–246 Interpolation rollout, 352 Keyboard Entry rollout, 352–353 Locks and Inherit rollouts, 279–280 Modifier Stack rollout, 298–299 Modify panel, 49

Morph rollout, 474–475 Motion panel, 50–51 overview of, 24, 42–44

Parameters rollout, 477, 479–480, 485, 661–662, 879, 880

PRS Parameters rollout, 782 rearranging interface for lefties, 44–45 Rendering rollout, 351–352, 362

Selection rollout, 363–364, 393–394, 409, 434–435 Show Selected Segs option, 373

Soft Selection rollout, 341, 365 Spray Parameters rollout, 515

Surface Approximation rollout, 458–459

Surface Properties rollout, 376, 396, 404–407, 437, 440, 446

Utilities panel, 52, 122 command-line rendering, 996, 1192 commands. See also specific commands

assigning stroke to, 153 menu, 26

comments, using in MAXScript, 1132–1133 Common Parameters rollout (Render Scene dialog

box), 984–987 Compare dialog box, 510 Compass helper

overview of, 346

Sunlight system and, 702, 703 Composite map, 622

Composite material, 587–588 compositing

After Effects and, 1086–1087 Combustion (Discreet) and, 1088–1090

description of, 1093 Photoshop and, 1083–1084

Compositor maps, 622–624 Compound materials

Blend, 586–587, 748–749

Clean MultiMaterial utility and, 599 Composite, 587–588

Double Sided, 588 Morpher, 591

Multi/Sub-Object, 588–590, 599 overview of, 585–586

Shell, 591 Shellac, 588

Top/Bottom, 591–592 compound objects

BlobMesh, 473, 486–488, 867–868, 1185, 1190 Boolean, 496–500

Conform, 477–479

Connect, 494–496 description of, 336 Loft, 500–512 Mesher, 485–486 Morph, 474–477

Scatter, 488–494, 868, 869, 932–933 ShapeMerge, 479–482

Terrain, 482–484 types of, 473–474

compound shape, 350–351 Compress on Save option, 94

computers for networking, 1058, 1059 concave object, 960

conditions (MAXScript), 1135 Cone Angle helper, 757

Cone primitive, 174

Configure Modifier Sets dialog box, 139 Configure Paths command (Customize menu), 36,

120, 143 Configure Paths dialog box

General tab, 143–144 XRefs tab, 120–122

configuring paths, 143–144

shared directories, 1064–1066 TCP/IP, 1062–1064

XRef path, 120–122 Conform object, 473, 477–479 Conform Space Warp, 930–931

Connect button (Command Panel) Editable Poly object and, 414 splines and, 370

Connect Copy button (Command Panel), 374–376 Connect object, creating, 494–496

connecting nodes, 260

consolidating maps into single instance, 635–636 constant, assigning variable to, 805

Constraint Solver (reactor), 973 constraints

Attachment, 768–769, 770 Link, 773–775

LookAt, 776–777

Orientation, 777 overview of, 767–768 Path, 771–772, 773

Index C 1227

Position, 772–773, 774 reactor, 972–975 Surface, 769–771

Constraints menu, 33 continuous tangent, 838 Contrast filter, 1101

controller. See also Expression controller animation, 767

assigning

with Animation menu, 779–780 automatically, 778–779

in Motion panel, 780 to node, 260–261

in Track View (window), 780–781 assigning variable to, 805

default, 778–779, 781 keys and, 741–742 Parameter type, 794–801 Position type, 783–793 Rotation type, 793–794 Scale type, 793, 794

Track View (window) and, 845–850 Transform type, 781–783

types of, 778

Controller pane (Track View), 826–827 Controller toolbar (Track View), 824–825 controlling

camera, 656–657 crocodile’s bite, 757–758 raytracer, 1040–1042

converting

to editable object mesh, 389–390

to NURBS object, 456–457 overview of, 337–339 patch, 433

spline, 362 convex object, 960

Cookie Cutter option (ShapeMerge object), 480, 481 coordinate system, 276

Coordinates rollout 3D maps, 615 2D maps, 605

Coplanar vertex, 438

Copy button and patches, 440 copy, creating, 216

copying

controller parameters, 778, 781 joint, 897

modifier, 300

modifiers and materials between nodes, 260 parameter animation key, 738–739

time, 832 copyright issue, 582 Corner vertex, 438

couple, kissing, aligning, 287–288

covered wagon, controlling mapping of, 646, 648, 649 covering island with trees, 493–494

Create Assembly dialog box, 237–238 Create button

Editable Poly object and, 410 meshes and, 396, 404 patches and, 438–439

Create Camera from View command (Views menu), 30, 660

Create Character command (Character menu), 33 Create Key dialog box, 738, 739

Create Line button (Command Panel), 366 Create Material Preview dialog box, 748 Create menu, 30–31, 163, 1192

Create panel

Cameras category, 654 Keyboard Entry rollout, 169 object, creating, and, 161–162 Object Type rollout, 350 overview of, 45–48 Parameters rollout, 169 Shapes category, 349

Create Shape button and patches, 442 Create Shape dialog box, 404

Create Shape from Edges button and meshes, 403–404 Create→Cameras, 654

Create→Helpers→Dummy, 246 Create→Helpers→Grid, 289 Create→Systems→Bones IK Chain, 871

Creation Method rollout (Command Panel), 352–353 crocodile

bite, controlling, 757–758 fat, making, 324, 325

cropping, 610

Cross Section button (Command Panel), 366–368 Crossing Selection method, 193–194

CrossInsert button (Command Panel), 371 CrossSection modifier

patches and, 448–449 splines and, 387

crucible, lathing, 386 Ctrl key

camera movement and, 657 modifiers and, 300 selecting object and, 195 selecting track and, 827

Ctrl+A (Select All), 27, 192 Ctrl+Alt+Z (Zoom Extents), 65

Ctrl+C (Create Camera from View), 30, 660 Ctrl+D (Select None), 27, 192

Ctrl+E (Apply Ease Curve), 840

Ctrl+H (Place Highlight), 28, 691 Ctrl+I (Select Invert), 192

Ctrl+M (Apply Multiplier Curve), 840 Ctrl+N

New Scene, 89

Numeric Expression Evaluator, 57, 803 Ctrl+O (Open), 91

Ctrl+P (Pan mode), 65 Ctrl+R (Arc Rotate), 65 Ctrl+S (Save), 90

Ctrl+Shift+Z (Zoom Extents All), 65 Ctrl+T (NURBS Creation Toolbox), 459 Ctrl+V (Clone), 27, 213

Ctrl+W (Region Zoom), 65 Ctrl+X (Expert Mode), 30, 53 Ctrl+Y (Redo), 169

Ctrl+Z (Undo), 23, 169

cubes, tower of, creating, 222–223 cubic map, 626–627

1228 Index C–D

Cubic Morph controller, 797 curtains

creating, 510–511

making translucent, 572–573 curve

CV (control vertex), 453–454 drawing, 837

ease, 840–841 editing, 833–843 multiplier, 840–843 NURBS, 454, 456 out-of-range, 840 point, 453–454 Soft Selection, 341

Curve Approximation rollout (Command Panel), 459 Curve Editor layout (Track View), 819–820

Curve Editor menu (Track View), 821

Curves and Display toolbars (Track View), 822–823 Custom Scheme dialog box, 140

Custom UI and Defaults Switcher command (Customize menu), 142

Custom units system, defining, 145 Customize menu, 36

Customize User Interface command (Customize menu) overview of, 36, 129, 1201

quadmenus and, 56

Customize User Interface dialog box Colors panel, 138

Keyboard panel, 129–131, 1201 Menus panel, 136–137

Quads panel, 134–136 Toolbar panel, 131–134

Customize→Configure Paths, 36, 120, 143 Customize→Custom UI and Defaults Switcher, 142 Customize→Customize User Interface, 36, 56, 129, 1201 Customize→Grid & Snap Settings, 36 Customize→Load Custom UI, 36

Customize→Lock UI Layout, 36, 142 Customize→Plug-in Manager, 36 Customize→Preferences, 36, 93, 146 Customize→Revert to Startup Layout, 137, 142 Customize→Save Custom UI, 141 Customize→Save Custom UI As, 36 Customize→Save Custom UI Scheme, 140 Customize→Show UI, 36

Customize→Show UI→Show Floating Toolbars, 41, 208 Customize→Units Setup, 36, 145 Customize→Viewport Configuration, 36, 71, 189 customizing. See also Customize User Interface dialog

box; Preference Settings dialog box interface for lefties, 44–45

Modify and Utility panel buttons, 138–139 Cut button

Editable Poly object and, 410 meshes and, 403

Cut operation, 496, 497–498 cutting time, 832

CV (control vertex) curve, 453–454 CV (control vertex) surface, 455–456

.CWS file, 1089

Cycle button (Command Panel), 371 Cylinder primitive, 173

cylindrical extended primitive, 179

D

Damper object, 941–942 dandelion puff, blowing, 932–933

darts hitting dartboard, animating, 746–747 Dashpot object (reactor), 964

data types, 1130–1131

day, animating in 20 seconds, 703–705 Daylight system, 702–705

Deactivate All Maps command (Views menu), 30, 603 debugging. See also troubleshooting

expression, 806 test action, 541

decal, applying, 639–640 default controller, 778–779, 781 default lighting, 688–689

Default Scanline Renderer rollout (Render Scene dialog box), 988–990, 1039–1040

Define Stroke dialog box, 152 defining

character members, 889 joint constraints, 897 stroke, 153

swivel angle, 904–905 variable, 804–805

Deflector Space Warp, 927

Deflector Space Warps, 924–927, 952–953 Deformation dialog box

Fit, 508–509 overview of, 504–506

Deformation rollout (Loft object), 504–509 deformers for skin object (Gizmos rollout), 886 deforming Loft object, 504–509

Delete button (Command Panel) meshes and, 397

patches and, 439 splines and, 372

Delete command (Edit menu), 169 Delete Mesh modifier, 420

Delete Patch modifier, 448 Delete Spline modifier, 382 deleting

key, 830

key marker, 740

material or map, 559–560 modifier, 301

node, 257 object, 169 plug-in, 1154 time, 832 vertex, 439

Dent map, 616

Depth of Field effect, 678–680

Depth of Field render effect, 1036–1037 descendant, 241

Destroy Character command (Character menu), 33, 888

Detach button (Command Panel) meshes and, 397

patches and, 444 splines and, 375

Detach command (Group menu), 236 determining direction of normal vector, 439 dialog box. See also specific dialog boxes

Index D–E 1229

description of, 25 floater, 28

modeless and persistent, 58 shortcut keys, 1211–1216

die face, mapping, 598–599 Diffuse color swatch, 548 Diffuse Level mapping, 629 Diffuse Level property, 549 Diffuse mapping, 629

Diffuse Roughness mapping, 629 Digital Fusion, 1090

digital image, capturing, 581 dimming lights, 748–749 dinosaur

cloning, 214–215

showing good side of, 659–660 direct light, 689–690

Direct3D, 1198

Directional Light Parameters rollout, 697 DirectX 9 shader, 597

disabling. See also enabling

anti-aliasing and Filter Maps features, 989 Display Topology-Dependence Warning, 306 inactive viewport, 82

modifier, 301 viewport, 67

disco ball effect, creating, 1186–1187 discontinuous tangent, 838 Discreet-dark interface, 140, 141 Displace modifier, 326–327, 641–642

Displace NURBS World-Space modifier, 472 Displace Space Warp, 923–924 Displacement Approximation modifier, 472 Displacement mapping, 631

display driver

choosing and configuring, 153–154 setting, 1197–1198

Display floater, 258–259

Display Floater command (Tools menu), 27, 204, 863 Display Floater dialog box, 204–205

display options for NURBS object, 457–458 Display panel, 51–52, 205–206

Display preferences (Schematic View Preferences dialog box), 264–265

displaying

color of object, 166 external scene, 115 Home Grid, 288

IK controls, 905 keyable icon, 831

link in viewport, 243–244 scene information, 125–126

Distribution object, 488, 490 Divide button (Command Panel)

meshes and, 402 splines and, 375

dividing scene into layers, 211–212 dog head, baking texture of, 1172 dollar sign ($) key (Light view), 692 dolphin, coloring, 577–578 dominoes, stacking row of, 225 Donut primitive, 355

doorknob, creating, 367–368

Doors category (AEC Objects), 1177–1178 Dope Sheet layout (Track View), 819–820 Dope Sheet menu (Track View), 821 double hyphens (- -), 1132

Double Sided material, 588 doughnuts

cloning, 216–217 dropping plate of, 971–972

Drag Space Warp, 919–920 drag-and-drop feature, 57 dragging

key off Track Bar, 740 material, 554–555

drapes

creating, 510–511

making translucent, 572–573 drawing

curve, 837

with pencil, 786–787 in 2D, 349–350

.drf extension, 91 driving in Rome, 667–668

dummy object, 246–247, 345

dust, adding to truck motion, 17–18 dynamic object, 940–942

Dynamic Properties rollout (Material Editor), 576 dynamic simulation

bowling strike, 948–949 Flex modifier and, 950–954

material properties, defining, 943 overview of, 939

Space Warps and, 944 dynamics, 939–940

Dynamics utility, 940, 944–949

E

E key (Select and Rotate), 191, 270, 657 ease curve, 840–841

Easter eggs, coloring, 560–561 edges

editing

Editable Poly object and, 415–416 meshes and, 402–404

patches and, 441–443 smoothing, 865

Edit Button Appearance command, 133 Edit Geometry rollout

Editable Mesh object and, 395–396 Editable Poly object and, 409–413 Edit Macro Button dialog box, 133, 134

Edit menu

MAXScript editor window, 1124 overview of, 27

Schematic View (window), 250 selection commands, 192

Edit Mesh modifier, 390, 419–420

Edit Named Selection Sets command (Edit menu), 27 Edit Normals modifier, 420–421, 1211

Edit Object dialog box, 947 Edit Object List dialog box, 945

Edit Patch modifier, 433–434, 448 Edit Spline modifier, 362, 382 Edit Triangulation button, 416

1230 Index E

Edit UVWs interface (Unwrap UVW modifier), 643–646 Editable Mesh object

creating, 389–390

Edit Mesh modifier and, 419–420 Editable Poly compared to, 390–392 keyboard shortcuts, 1208

editable object. See also Editable Mesh object; Editable Poly object

converting to

overview of, 337–339 patches, 433 splines, 362

expanding in Modifier Stack, 339–340 overview of, 335–337

Patch, 433–434

Shaded Face Toggle and, 343 Editable Patch object, 433–434 Editable Poly object

edges and borders, editing, 415–416 Edit Geometry rollout, 409–413 Editable Mesh compared to, 390–392 keyboard shortcuts, 1209

Selection rollout, 409 subobject modes for, 408 vertices, editing, 413–415

Edit→Clone, 27, 213 Edit→Delete, 169 Edit→Fetch, 27, 303 Edit→Hold, 27, 303 editing

curve, 833–843 envelope, 879–881

event in queue, 1097–1098 key, 830

key value, 740–741 Loft path, 510 mesh object

edges, 402–404

Face, Border, Polygon, and Element subobjects, 404–408

modifiers and, 419–429 overview of, 392 Selection rollout, 393–394 subobject mode and, 393 vertices, 396–401

named selection, 197 NURBS object, 457–463 patch

Edge subobject, 441–443 Handle subobject, 441 modifiers and, 447–451 overview of, 433

Patch and Element subobjects, 444–447 selecting subobjects, 434–436

vertices, 437–440 poly object

Edit Geometry rollout, 409–413 Selection rollout, 409 subobject modes, 408 vertices, 413–415

relationship, 259 simulation object, 946–948

spline

overview of, 362–368 segments, 374–376

Spline subobjects, 377–380 vertices, 368–374

time, 831–833

Edit→Named Selection Sets, 197

Edit→Object Properties, 27, 199

editor, 25. See also Visual MAXScript Editor Edit→Region, 193–194

Edit→Select All, 27, 192 Edit→Select by→Color, 192 Edit→Select by→Name, 192–193 Edit→Select Invert, 192 Edit→Select None, 27, 192 Edit→Undo, 23, 169

effects, adding. See also atmospheric effects with After Effects, 1086–1087

overview of, 17–18, 1183–1187 to scene, 1006

Effects command (Rendering menu), 35 eggs, Easter, coloring, 560–561

8 key (Environment and Effects dialog box), 11, 35, 998 electric arc, creating, 1026–1027

Element subobject, editing

Editable Poly object and, 416–419 meshes and, 404–408

patches and, 444–447 Ellipse primitive, 355 ellipsis (three dots), 26

Email Notifications rollout (Render Scene dialog box), 987

emitter icon, 513, 514 enabling. See also disabling

ActiveShade in viewport, 981–982 constraints, 409

gamma correction, 155 ghosting, 151

Light Tracer, 714–715 mental ray, 1049 Motion Blur, 203 polygon count, 1161

Virtual Viewport feature, 83 Envelope subobject, 879 Environment and Effects dialog box

atmospheric effects and, 1005 Environment panel, 998–999

Fire Effect Parameters rollout, 1006–1007 Fog Parameters rollout, 1011–1012 Rendering Effects panel, 1020

Volume Fog Parameters rollout, 1013 Environment dialog box, Volume Light Parameters

rollout, 705–707 environment map

assigning, 11, 35 description of, 603

Error Threshold rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 671, 672

errors, logging, 1075 Escape key, 72, 753 establishing hierarchy, 861

Euler XYZ Rotation controller, 793 evaluating expression, 806, 1133–1134

Index E–F 1231

Exclude/Include dialog box, 696, 1042–1043, 1048 excluding object

from light tracing, 718–719 from raytracing, 1042–1043 Execute Video Post interface, 1096 Exit command (File menu), 27, 93 exiting subobject edit mode, 393

expanding rollout, 43

Expert Mode command (Views menu), 30, 53, 69 Explode button (Command Panel)

meshes and, 395 splines and, 380

Explode command (Group menu), 29 Export command (File menu), 98 Export FBX File dialog box, 100, 101

Export Lightscape Preparation dialog box, 102 Export to AutoCAD File dialog box, 100 exporting

Adobe Illustrator file, 99 ASCII scene file, 106 AutoCAD file, 99–100 FilmBox file, 100–101 IGES file, 101 Lightscape file, 102 overview of, 1191

to Shockwave 3D format, 106–108 StereoLithography file, 103

3D Studio file, 98–99 utilities for, 108–109 VRML file, 103–104

Exposure Control rollout (Environment panel), 1000–1003

expression. See also Expression controller definition of, 803

elements of, 808 functions, 810–812 MAXScript, 1133–1135

Numerical Expression Evaluator and, 803–804 operators, 809–810

predefined variables, 808–809 return types, 812–813 samples of, 813–814

Expression controller animating with

materials, 815–818 transforms, 814

building expression in, 805–806 debugging and evaluating expression, 806 defining variable, 804–805

following eyes, creating, 807–808 interface, 804

managing expression, 807 overview of, 784

Expression Controller dialog box, 805 Expression Debug window, 806 Extend button (Command Panel), 380

Extended Parameters rollout (Material Editor), 573–575

Extended Primitives, 176–185 eXternal Reference (XRef)

description of, 113 Object type, 117–122 Scene type, 113–117

Extras toolbar changes to, 41 Track View, 826

Extrude Along Spline button, 418–419 Extrude button

Editable Poly object and, 414 meshes and, 402–403 patches and, 444, 445

Extrude modifier, 422

Extrude Polygons Along Spline dialog box, 418 extruding

bullet, 423, 424 logo, 481–482 spline, 384–385

eyes, following, creating, 807–808

F

F2 (Shade Selected Faces), 75

F10 (Render Scene dialog box), 18, 35, 982

F11 (MAXScript Listener), 36, 1118

F12 (Transform Type-In), 27, 274 face

expression, morphing, 760–761 scar, placing on, 478–479 snowman’s, lighting, 691–692 woman’s, morphing, 476

Face Extrude modifier, 422, 423, 424 Face subobject, editing, 404–408 Faceted rendering setting, 73

Fade filter, 1101 Falloff cone, 699 Falloff map, 616–617

Falloff options (shader), 574

Favorite Plants rollout (AEC Objects), 1176–1177 features, new, 1189–1192

feet, creating, 868

fence, picket, building, 227, 228 Ferris wheel, building, 228–229 Fetch command (Edit menu), 27, 303 FFD (Box/Cyl) modifier, 328–329 FFD (Box/Cyl) Space Warp, 928

FFD (Free Form Deformation) modifier, 328, 329, 1211 FFD Select modifier, 928

field of view, 654, 661

file. See also exporting; file format; importing archiving, 93

backing up, 95–96

log, maintaining, 96–97 opening, 91–92 saving, 90–91

scene, working with, 89–90 viewing, 126, 127–128 working with, 89

file format

Asset Browser utility and, 122 Camera Tracker utility and, 669 exporting and, 98

importing and, 97–98 interface types, 140

for saving render map, 557 View File dialog box and, 128

File menu overview of, 27

Visual MAXScript Editor, 1146

1232 Index F–G

File Output render effect, 1035 file preferences, setting, 93–95

File Properties command (File menu), 27, 126 File Properties dialog box, 126, 127 File→Archive, 27, 93

File→Exit, 27, 93

File→Export, 98

File→File Properties, 27, 126 File→Import, 97 File→Merge, 92

File→Merge Animation, 892 File→New, 89

File→Open, 91 File→Replace, 93 File→Reset, 58, 89 File→Save, 90 File→Summary Info, 27, 125 File→View File, 122

File→View Image File, 27, 126, 993 File→XRef Scenes, 114

Fillet button (Command Panel), 371 Fillet value (ChamferBox primitive), 178 Fillet/Chamfer modifier, 382

Film Grain render effect, 1036

FilmBox file, importing and exporting, 100–101 filter

adding, 1112–1113

choosing in Video Post window, 1100–1103 Lens Effects, 1106–1113

Filter color mapping, 630 Filter color swatch, 548

Filter Combinations dialog box, 190–191 Filter Maps feature, 989

Filter→All in Cache, 124 filtering tracks, 844 Filters dialog box, 844

Fin Adjustment Tools rollout, 876–877 final animation, rendering, 19–21 finding

hidden object, 207 plug-ins, 1157

Fire effect, 1006–1011

Fire Effect Parameters rollout (Environment and Effects dialog box), 1006–1007

fireworks fountain, creating, 520–521 fish, school of, creating, 1139–1144 fishing net, creating, 582–583

Fit Deformation, 507, 508–509 Fix Ambient utility, 560

Flag Properties dialog box, 613 flag, waving, 320, 321, 953–954 flare, adding, 1107–1108

flashlight assembly, creating, 239–240 Flat Mirror map, 625

Flatten Mapping option (Edit UVW interface), 645–646 Flex modifier, 894, 950–954

Flip button

Editable Poly object and, 417 patches and, 446

Float controller, 778

Float Expression controller, 814–815 floater, 28

floating palette on Color Clipboard, 166

floating toolbar, 25, 37, 41 flowers

bee buzzing about, 284–285 petal, sculpting, 469–471

roses, vase of, applying raytrace materials to, 1046–1047

simple, creating, 375–376 stem, creating, 467, 471 trumpet, creating, 337–339

flyout, 38

focal length, 653

focus, adding, 1108–1109 Fog effect, 1011–1015

Fog Parameters rollout (Environment and Effects dialog box), 1011–1012

Foliage category (AEC Objects), 1176–1177 Font attributes, 356–357

fonts, 357

Force Space Warps, 916–924, 952–953 Force 2-sided option, 74 forward-kinematics system, 241, 895–896 Fracture object (reactor), 966–967 fragments, splitting object into, 530–532 frame rate, setting, 734–735

frames, accessing, 54 Free camera object, 654

Free Form Deformer modifiers, 328–330, 1211 Free Spot light, 689

freezing object, 204–207 friction, 939

frog character, creating, 891, 892 Front viewport, 63

function curves mode, 833–836 Function List dialog box, 806 functions

MAXScript, 1138–1139 overview of, 810–812

Fuse button (Command Panel), 370

G

G key (Material/Map Browser), 555–556 games. See also checkers

channels and, 1164–1166 darts, 746–747

low-resolution modeling and, 1161–1164 pre-rendering texture, 1169–1172 vertex colors and, 1166–1169

gamma correction, 155 gears, rotating, 790–791

General rollout (Command Panel) Display section, 457–458

light parameters, 695–696

General Settings rollout (Render to Textures panel), 1170

Generate Mapping Coordinates option, 637 Gengon primitive, 179–180

Geographic Location dialog box, 703, 704 Geometric/Deformable Space Warps, 928–933 Geometry object, 47

Geometry rollout (Command Panel) patches and, 436–437

splines and, 365–368 GeoSphere primitive, 174–175

Index G–H 1233

Get Material command (Material menu), 555–556 Get Path button, 500–501

Get Selection From Viewport command (Select menu), 645

Get Shape button, 500–501 ghosting

enabling, 151 overview of, 745

Gimbal Coordinate System, 276 gingerbread house, smashing, 966–967 gizmo subobjects, 304–306

Gizmos panel (Preference Settings dialog box), 273–274

glass. See also spyglass shattering, 934–935

stained-glass window, creating, 710–711 wine, raytracing, 1048–1049

global illumination, 714–717 Global Lens Effects, 1021–1023

globe, airplane flying around, 246–247 Glossiness mapping, 630

glow, adding, 1110

Glow Lens Effects, 1023–1028

Grab Viewport command (Tools menu), 28, 78 grabbing viewport image, 78

Gradient map, 612

Gradient Ramp map, 612–613 Graph Editors menu, 34–35, 249

Graph Editors→New Schematic View, 199, 249, 250 Graph Editors→New Track View, 198

Graph Editors→Saved Schematic Views, 249, 250 graphics card, 1194

Graphics Driver Setup dialog box, 154, 1197–1198 Gravity Space Warp, 922

gray icon, 132

Grid Align button (Command Panel), 396

Grid and Snap Settings command (Customize menu), 36 Grid and Snap Settings dialog box

Home Grid and User Grid panels, 289 Options panel, 293–294

Snaps panel, 291–292 Grid Coordinate System, 276 grids

AutoGrid feature, 290–291 creating and activating, 289 Home, 288–289

Schematic View window and, 264 viewing, 67

Grids command (Views menu), 29 Group command (Group menu), 29, 235 Group menu, 29 Group→Assembly→Assemble, 237 Group→Assembly→Close, 238 Group→Assembly→Open, 238 Group→Attach, 236

Group→Close, 236

Group→Detach, 236

Group→Explode, 29 Group→Group, 29, 235 grouping objects, 235–237 Group→Open, 236 Group→Ungroup, 235–236

H

H key (Select Objects), 192 hair, creating, 868–869

halo, adding highlights to, 1111–1112 hand

creating, 868

MultiRes, creating, 424–425 handles on patches

dragging, 437–438 editing, 441

hanger, slip-proof, designing, 503–504 hardware for networking, 1058 hardware requirements, 1193–1194 hazard light, animating, 846–847 HDRI file, 1175–1176, 1192

head

adding hair to, 868–869 clown, modeling, 400–401

of dog, baking texture of, 1172 headlights of car, showing, 707–708 heart

interior of, viewing, 361

shape of, soft selecting from plane, 342–343 tension, marking, 1168–1169

heart-shaped NURMS, creating, 428–429 Hedra primitive, 176–178

Helix primitive, 358 Helix spline, 350 help, finding, 58–59 Help menu, 37

Help→Authorize 3ds max, 37 Helper objects

Compass, 346

coordinate distances, measuring, 345–347 Dummy and Point, 345

Measure Distance tool, 345 Measure utility, 346 overview of, 47–48, 345 Protractor, 346

Tape, 345

Help→Hotkey Map, 37, 1201–1202 Help→3ds max, 37

Help→3ds max on the Web→Updates, 1198 Help→Tutorial, 37

Hemisphere value (Sphere primitive), 172–173 Hide button (Command Panel)

patches and, 439 splines and, 372

hiding

node, 256 object, 204–207

Hierarchical SubDivision Surfaces (HSDS) modifier, 429 hierarchy

description of, 241 establishing, 861 keyboard shortcuts, 1208 linked, 235, 241, 871, 896

Schematic View (window) and, 258–262 selecting, 246

viewing, 244–245 Hierarchy panel, 50, 245–246 highlights

adding, 1110–1112 placing, 691

1234 Index H–I

Hinge From Edge button, 417

Hinge Polygons From Edge dialog box, 417 History Dependent (HD) IK solver, 906–908, 909 History Independent (HI) IK solver, 903–906 Hold command (Edit menu), 27, 303

holes between objects, filling, 494–495 Home Grid, 288–289

Hose primitive, 183–185 Hot material, 556

Hotkey map command (Help menu), 37, 1201–1202 Hotkey Map window, 1201–1202

Hotspot cone, 699

HSDS (Hierarchical SubDivision Surfaces) modifier, 429 human figure. See also body, building; specific body

parts

importing from Poser, 111–113 modeling, 857–858

I

ice, creating effect of object covered in, 1185 icon

adding custom, 133 character, 887–888, 889 constraints, 768 keyable, displaying, 831

Parameter Wiring dialog box, 757 reactor objects, 963

i-drop, 125

IES photometric lights, 702

IFL (Image File List) file, 749–752 IFL Manager utility, 749–750

IGES file, importing and exporting, 101 IK Chain Assignment rollout, 872

IK controller, 799

IK Controller Parameters rollout, 907 IK Limb solver, 908–910

IK Solver command (Animation menu), 33, 903 IK Solver rollout, 903, 904

IK solvers, 903–911 Illustrator (Adobe) file

importing and exporting, 99

importing vector drawing from, 109–111 image

background

compositing, 1112–1113 loading, 11–13, 84–85, 86–87 matching camera to, 665–668

Schematic View window and, 264, 265–266 selecting to use as environment map, 999–1000 setting to low-res, 150, 151

placing, 610

printing still, 997–998

projecting onto rendered scene, 709–710 scanning, 582

Image Alpha filter, 1101

Image File List (IFL) file, 749–752

Image Input Options dialog box, 1098–1099 image layer event, adding, 1103–1104 Image Motion Blur, 990

image tiles, seamless, 606 Import command (File menu), 97 Import dialog box, 97

Import FBX File dialog box, 100, 101

Import Lightscape Preparation dialog box, 102 Import Multiple button and NURBS, 457 Import STL File dialog box, 103

importing

Adobe Illustrator file, 99 AutoCAD file, 99–100

from external application, 109–113 FilmBox file, 100–101

IGES file, 101 Lightscape file, 102 mesh object, 407–408 model, 6–7

overview of, 1191 StereoLithography file, 103 supported format, 97–98 3D Studio file, 98–99 VRML file, 103

increasing

resolution, 863–864

speed of raytracer by excluding objects, 1042–1043 Increment on Save option, 94

Indirect Illumination panel (Render Scene dialog box), 1054–1055

Indirect Illumination rollout (mental ray), 1053 Inferno tabbed panel (Lens Effects Flare dialog box),

1108, 1109 inflating balloon, 815, 816 inheriting transformation, 280

initializing network rendering system, 1067–1069 initiating render job, 983–984

Ink ‘n’ Paint material, 595–597 Insert button (Command Panel), 367 Insert Vertex button, 416

inserting

character animation, 891 comment, 1132

key, 833 time, 833

Install Wizard, 1195 installing

AfterBurn plug-in, 1156–1157 authorizing software, 1196–1197 hardware requirements for, 1193–1194 item from CD to hard drive, 1217–1218 operating system, choosing when, 1193 plug-in, 1154

steps for, 1194–1196 TCP/IP, 1062–1064

instance

consolidating maps into, 635–636 creating, 216–217

identifying in Modifier Stack, 300–301 Instance Duplicate Maps utility, 635–636, 1192 instanced modifier, 300 Intensity/Color/Attenuation rollout, 697 Intensity/Color/Distribution rollout (photometric

lights), 700–701 Interactive IK method, 900–902

interface. See also Customize User Interface dialog box; Video Post window

Command Panel, 42–52 custom, 139–142 interactive features, 55–58

Index I–K 1235

keyboard shortcuts, 1202–1203 lower interface bar, 53–55 menus, 26–36

overview of, 23–25

Particle Flow, 1183–1184, 1189–1190, 1212 Preference Settings dialog box and, 148 rearranging for lefties, 44–45

resetting, 89, 137 reverting to startup, 142

Schematic View (window), 250–251 selecting object in other, 198–199

switching between default and custom, 142–143 toolbars, 37–41

viewports, 42

Internet (TCP/IP) Protocol Properties dialog box, 1061–1062

Interpolation rollout (Command Panel), 352 Intersection operation, 496, 497

inverse kinematics (IK), 895–896 inverse kinematics (IK) system

Applied IK method, 902–903 binding objects, 898

extensible arm linkage, building, 898–899 History Dependent (HD) IK solver, 906–908, 909 History Independent (HI) IK solver, 903–906

IK Limb solver, 908–910 Interactive IK method, 900–902 Line constraints and, 774 overview of, 241

precedence, 898

Spline IK solver, 910–911 invisible edge, 402

IP address, 1060–1062, 1063 island

covering with trees, 493–494 creating, 483–484

Isolate Selection command (Tools menu), 28, 198, 863 isolating current selection, 198

Isometric view, 63 isoparm, 456

J

jet engine flames, creating, 533–534 joint constraints, defining, 897 joints, smooth, creating, 866–867 jungle vines, creating, 492–493

K

Kerning value, 357

key control shortcuts, 1206 Key Controls, 54, 55, 736–738 Key dialog box, 838

key information dialog boxes, 740–741 key light, 686

Key pane (Track View), 826–827 Key Stats toolbar (Track View), 828 Key Tangents toolbar, 741, 823–824

key values, viewing and editing, 740–741 Keyboard Entry rollout (Command Panel), 352–353 Keyboard Input Device rollout, 786

Keyboard Shortcut Override Toggle button (Extras toolbar), 41, 1201

keyboard shortcuts. See also specific keys

ActiveShade, 1215

Alt+6 (hide main toolbar), 37 Alt+A (Align), 28, 285

Alt+B (Viewport Background), 11, 29, 84 Alt+Ctrl+F (Fetch), 27, 303

Alt+Ctrl+H (Hold), 27, 303 Alt+N (Normal Align), 28, 286

Alt+Q (Isolate Selection), 28, 198, 863 Alt+Shift+Ctrl+B (Update Background Image), 29, 85 Alt+Shift+Ctrl+L (load UV coordinates), 645 Alt+Shift+Ctrl+P (Get Selection from Viewport), 645 Alt+W (Min/Max Toggle), 69

Alt+Z (Zoom), 65 changes in, 30

Ctrl+A (Select All), 27, 192 Ctrl+Alt+Z (Zoom Extents), 65

Ctrl+C (Create Camera from View), 30, 660 Ctrl+D (Select None), 27, 192

Ctrl+E (Apply Ease Curve), 840

Ctrl+H (Place Highlight), 28, 691 Ctrl+I (Select Invert), 192

Ctrl+M (Apply Multiplier Curve), 840 Ctrl+N

New Scene, 89

Numeric Expression Evaluator, 57, 803 Ctrl+O (Open), 91

Ctrl+P (Pan mode), 65 Ctrl+R (Arc Rotate), 65 Ctrl+S (Save), 90

Ctrl+Shift+Z (Zoom Extents All), 65 Ctrl+T (NURBS Creation Toolbox), 459 Ctrl+V (Clone), 27, 213

Ctrl+W (Region Zoom), 65 Ctrl+X (Expert Mode), 30, 53 Ctrl+Y (Redo), 169

Ctrl+Z (Undo), 23, 169 customizing, 129–131 displaying, 1201–1202

Edit Normals modifier, 1211 Editable Mesh, 1208 Editable Poly objects, 1209

F2 (Shade Selected Faces), 75

F10 (Render Scene dialog box), 18, 35, 982

F11 (MAXScript Listener), 36, 1118

F12 (Transform Type-In), 27, 274 finding, 57

Free Form Deformer modifier, 1211 general, 1216

hiding objects, 204 hierarchies, 1208

key and time controls, 1206 main and floating toolbars, 1204 main interface, 1202–1203 Material Editor, 1212

menus, 26

NURBS objects, 1210 Particle Flow interface, 1216 quadmenus, 134, 1206–1207 reactor controller, 1215

Schematic View (window), 1213 Shift+I (Spacing tool), 223

Shift+Y (Redo View Change), 29, 68

(Continued)

1236 Index K–L

keyboard shortcuts (continued) Shift+Z (Undo View Change), 29, 68 subobjects, 1207

Track View, 1212–1213

Unwrap UVW modifier, 1214–1215 using, 1201

Video Post, 1214

Viewport Navigation Controls, 1206 viewports, 1205

Virtual Viewport feature, 1207 keyframes, animating motion using, 13–14 keys

accessing, 54

animation, creating in reactor, 970 creating

Auto Key mode and, 736–737 Motion panel and, 741–744 Time Slider and, 738

parameter animation, copying, 738–739 Track Bar and, 739–740

Track View (window) and, 829–831 Keys toolbar (Track View), 822 Keys→Use Soft Select, 830 kinematics, 895

L

lamp, lighting, 694

laser beam, creating, 708–709 lathing

NURBS surface, 465–466 spline, 385–386

lattice for molecule, creating, 294–295 Lattice modifier, 302, 325–326

Launch Magnify Window command (Material menu), 553

layer event, 1103

Layer Manager command (Tools menu), 27, 208, 1192 Layer Manager dialog box, 208–211

Layer Properties dialog box, 210 layers, dividing scene into, 211–212 Layers toolbar, 41, 208

Layout menu Schematic View, 251

Visual MAXScript Editor, 1146 Leading value, 357

leaf

maple, creating, 446–447 NURBS, creating, 468–471

Left viewport, 63

lefties, customizing interface for, 44–45 Lens Effects

Auto Secondary, 1030–1031 filters, 1106–1113

Global, 1021–1023

Glow, 1023–1028

Manual Secondary, 1031, 1032 overview of, 1021

plane, making sparkle, 1031–1033 Ray, 1029

Ring, 1028

Star, 1029 Streak, 1029

Lens Effects Flare dialog box, 1107–1108

Lens Effects Focus dialog box, 1108–1109 Lens Effects Glow dialog box, 1110

Lens Effects Highlight dialog box, 1110–1112 Level of Detail utility, 1162

L-Ext primitive, 183 libraries, 561, 564–565

light bouncing, 713, 714, 721

Light Lister command (Tools menu), 28, 690 Light Lister dialog box, 690–691

Light objects, 47

Light Painting rollout, 725 Light Tracer, 714–717 light tracing, 713 lighting. See also lights

advanced controls, 713–717 ambient, 689

default, 688–689 direct, 689–690 global, setting, 1000 lamp, 694

local advanced settings, 718–719 natural and artificial, 685

Omni, 689 overview of, 685 radiosity, 721–727 shadows, 687–688 Skylight, 690 spotlight, 689

standard method for, 686–687

Sunlight and Daylight systems, 702–705 types of, 688

Lighting Analysis tool, 729 Lighting Data Export Utility, 109 lights. See also lighting

adding to assembly, 238 animating, 747 backlight, 559, 686 creating, 690

dimming, 748–749

hazard, animating, 846–847 listing, 690–691

marquee, random, creating, 600–601 mental ray and, 1053–1054

moths chasing, 540–541, 542 parameters, altering, 695–699 photometric, 699–702, 1001, 1002–1003 secondary, 686

Top, 559 transforming, 690 viewing effect of, 692

viewing scene from, 692–694 Volume, 705–711

Lightscape file, importing and exporting, 102 Lightscape material, 729

limiting nodes, 262–263

Lincoln Log set, creating, 498–500 Line primitive, 353–354

Line spline, 772, 773 linear array, 226–227 Linear controller, 785

Linear Exposure Control, 1001

Link button (main toolbar), 195, 242 Link constraint, 773–775

Index L–M 1237

link, displaying in viewport, 243–244 Link Inheritance utility, 280

linked hierarchy. See also bones system description of, 235, 241, 871 forward kinematics and, 896

Linked XForm modifier, 762 linking

character with Schematic View, 261–262 nodes, 260

objects, 241–243, 246–247 system, 896

List controller, 798

List Views dialog box, 266

List Views menu (Schematic View), 251, 266–267 Load Custom UI command (Customize menu), 36 loading

background animation, 85–86 background image, 11–13, 84–85, 86–87 character, 888

custom interface, 140

custom material library, 564–565 new material, 555–556

preset, 491

reference image for modeling, 86–87 Local Coordinate System, 276

Lock UI Layout command (Customize menu), 36, 142 locking

character, 890 interface, 142 selection set, 196

transformation axes, 279–280 Loft object

Compare dialog box, 510 deforming, 504–509 drapes, creating, 510–511 editing, 510

Get Shape and Get Path buttons, 500–501 hanger, slip-proof, designing, 503–504 modifying, 509–510

rollouts, 501–503

surface tools compared to, 511–512 lofting NURBS surface, 463–464

log file, maintaining, 96–97

Logarithmic Exposure Control, 1001, 1002–1003 logging errors, 1075

logical operators, 810 logo

drawing, 360 extruding, 481–482

Superman, building, 344 LookAt constraint, 776–777

looping path, making airplane follow, 743–744 loops (MAXScript), 1136–1138

Lower Interface Bar, 24, 53–55 low-resolution modeling, 1161–1164 Luminaire object, 237, 238–239 Luminosity color swatch, 548

M

M key (Material Editor), 10

Macro Recorder (MAXScript), 1125–1127 Macro script, 1128–1129

magnifying glass effect, creating, 627–628

magnifying sample slot, 553–554 main toolbar

buttons, 38–41

keyboard shortcuts, 1204 Link button, 195, 242 overview of, 37

Render Type drop-down, 996 select buttons, 191 Selection Region button, 194 Snap buttons, 292

transform buttons, 271 Unlink button, 242

Visual MAXScript Editor, 1146 maintaining log file, 96–97

Make First button (Command Panel), 370

Make Material Copy command (Material menu), 556 Make Planar button and meshes, 400

Make Preview command (Material menu), 557 Make Preview dialog box, 18–19, 752–753 Make Unique button (Modifier Stack), 216, 300 manager.exe, 1059

managing plug-ins, 1154–1156

manipulating scene object with variables, 1131–1132 Manipulator Helpers, 757–758

manipulators and character animation, 894 Manual Secondary Lens Effect, 1031, 1032 Map Channel Info dialog box, 1165

Map Scaler modifier, 640 maple leaf, creating, 446–447 mapping

coordinates, 637 modifiers, 637–640

maps. See also Material/Map Browser Color Modifier, 624

Compositor, 622–624 description of, 576, 603 material compared to, 549 mental ray, 1052

particles and, 532–534

reflection and refraction, 625–628 removing, 559–560

2D, 605–615 3D, 615–622

Maps rollout (Material Editor), 576, 628–634 Marble map, 617

marker pop-up menu, 740 marking selected object, 189–190

marquee lights, random, creating, 600–601 Mask map, 623

Master Block Parameters dialog box, 798, 799 Master Point controller, 779, 800–801

Master Track Key Info dialog box, 800

Match Camera to View command (Views menu), 658 Match Move rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 673 Material by Element modifier, 600–601

Material Editor

Advanced Lighting Override material, 719–720 Clean Multi-Material, 1192

controls, 549–552

Dynamic Properties rollout, 576, 943 Extended Parameters rollout, 573–575 keyboard shortcuts, 1212

Maps rollout, 576, 628–634

(Continued)

1238 Index M

Material Editor (continued)

mental ray connection rollout, 576–577 as modeless dialog box, 58

opening, 10, 549

Options dialog box, 558–559 sample slots, 552–555 Sample UV Tiling button, 606 selecting object and, 198

Shader Basic Parameters rollout, 567–573 SuperSampling rollout, 575–576

Material Editor command (Rendering menu), 10, 35, 549

material effect ID, 598 material ID, 598 material maps. See maps Material modifier, 600

Material XML Exporter Utility, 109 Material→Assign to Selection, 556 Material→Get Material, 555–556 Material→Launch Magnify Window, 553 Material→Make Material Copy, 556 Material→Make Preview, 557 Material/Map Browser

Architectural material, 1179–1180 Compound materials and, 585 libraries, working with, 564–565 list of maps in, 604

mental ray and, 1052 opening, 555–556 overview of, 561–563

Material/Map Browser command (Rendering menu), 35

Material/Map Navigator, 565–566 Material→Pick from Object, 556 Material→Put to Library, 556 Material→Put to Scene, 556 Material→Reset Sample Slot Rotation, 554

materials. See also Material Editor; Material/Map Browser; specific materials

animating, 747–749 applying, 9–11

applying multiple, 597–599 assigning to object, 556 Compound, 585–592 copying between nodes, 260 description of, 547

digital image, capturing for, 581 dolphin, coloring, 577–578 dragging, 554–555

dynamic properties, defining, 943 Expression controller and, 815–818 loading new, 555–556

maps compared to, 549 mental ray and, 1051–1052 modifiers for, 600–601 naming, 555

picking from scene, 556 previewing, 557 properties of, 547–549 raytrace, 592

raytracing and, 1043–1047 removing, 559–560 resetting, 559

selecting object by, 556 shader types, 567–573 Standard type, 567

texture, creating using Photoshop, 578–581 Material→Save Preview, 557

Material→View Preview, 557 Matte/Shadow material, 593–594 Max File Finder utility, 124

max format, 89

maximizing active viewport, 68–69 MAXScript. See also Visual MAXScript Editor

collections and arrays, 1135–1136 conditions, 1135

editor window, 1123–1124 example of, 1119–1120 expressions, 1133–1135

fish, school of, creating, 1139–1144 functions, 1138–1139

loops, 1136–1138

Macro Recorder, 1125–1127 overview of, 1117–1118 preferences, setting, 1127–1128

program flow and comments, 1132–1133 types of scripts, 1128–1129

variables and data types, 1129–1132 MAXScript interpreter, 1121, 1122–1123 MAXScript Listener window, 1121–1123, 1124 MAXScript menu, 36, 1118

MAXScript Mini-Listener, 54, 55, 1123 MAXScript Utility rollout, 1118–1119

Measure Distance command (Tools menu), 28 Measure Distance tool, 345

Measure utility, 346

measuring coordinate distances, 345–346 Melt modifier, 761–762

member, 1131 mental ray

enabling, 1049

lights and shadows, 1053–1054 materials and, 1051–1052 overview of, 1189

photons, 1053–1054, 1186–1187 preferences, setting, 1050 shaders and, 1050–1051

mental ray connection rollout (Material Editor), 576–577

menus. See also specific menus customizing, 136–137 interface, 24, 26–36

MAXScript editor window, 1124 MAXScript Listener window, 1121 reactor, 33

Schematic View (window), 250–251 scripted right-click, 1129

Visual MAXScript Editor, 1146

Merge Animation command (File menu), 892 Merge Animation dialog box, 892–893 Merge command (File menu), 92

Merge dialog box, 92

Merge option (ShapeMerge object), 480 merging

animations, 892–893 objects, 92

Index M 1239

mesh

cleaning up imported, 407–408 collapsing to, 390

converting object into, 389–390 description of, 336, 389

editing

edges, 402–404

Face, Border, Polygon, and Element subobjects, 404–408

modifiers and, 419–429 overview of, 392 Selection rollout, 393–394 subobject mode and, 393 vertices, 396–401

mapping coordinates and, 639 Relax modifier and, 319

subdividing for radiosity, 723, 724–725 Mesher object, 485–486

MeshSmooth modifier, 428–429 Metaball object, 522–523 Metal shader, 572

Metalness mapping, 630 Metalness property, 549

middle mouse button, using, 151–152 Min/Max Toggle, 69

Mirror button (Command Panel), 378–379 Mirror command (Tools menu), 28, 219 Mirror dialog box, 219–220

Mirror Mode, 883 Mirror modifier, 326

mirrored surface, creating, 625–626 mirroring

joints, 897 object, 219–221

misdirection piece, 4

Missing External Files dialog box, 91 Mix map, 623

model, importing, 6–7 modeless dialog box, 58 modeling

character, 859–869

loading reference image for, 86–87 low-resolution, 1161–1164

modeling types, 309, 336 Modifier Stack

Base Object, 297–298 collapsing, 303–304 entities, 298

identifying instances and references in, 300–301 Make Unique button, 216, 300

overview of, 49, 297 reordering, 301–302 selecting subobject in, 339 Surface CV subobject, 456 using, 298–301

XRef Object and, 120 Modifier-Based Space Warps, 933

modifiers. See also Skin modifier; specific modifiers animation, 759–764

applying, 298

applying to subobject selections, 343–344 copying and pasting, 300

copying between nodes, 260 disabling and removing, 301

gizmo subobjects and, 304–306 instanced, 300

mapping, 637–642 material, 600–601

mesh editing and, 419–429 NURBS, 471–472

Object-Space and World-Space, 307–308 Patch object and, 447–451

reactor, 959, 961 spline, 381–383 types of, 306–307 Modifiers menu, 31–32

Modifiers→NURBS Editing, 471 Modifiers→Patch/Spline Editing, 381, 447 Modify panel

buttons, customizing, 138–139 Character Assembly rollout, 889 Modifier Stack and, 49

modifying

Loft subobject, 509–510 object parameters, 185–186 subobjects, 306

molecular chain, creating, 302 molecule, lattice for, creating, 294–295 Monitor, 1059, 1076–1078

monorail, animating, 834–836 monster truck

at beach

animating, 13–16 animation, rendering, 19–21 image, loading, 11–13 materials, applying, 9–11

preview animation, creating, 18–19 scene props, adding, 7–8

special effects, adding, 17–18 terrain and scene, creating, 4–5

driving over hill, 965–966 fly-by, creating, 776–777 model, importing, 6–7

montage of animations, creating, 1085–1086 Morph key, creating, 474–475

Morph modifier, 475, 894 Morph object, 473, 474, 475 Morpher material, 591 Morpher modifier, 591, 759–761 morphing

facial expression, 760–761 woman’s face, 476

moths chasing light, 540–541, 542 motion

animating, 13–14

sample expressions for, 813–814 secondary, 894

Motion Blur effect enabling, 203 overview of, 680–682

Motion Blur render effect, 1036 Motion Capture controller, 785–787 Motion panel

Assign Controller button, 768 assigning controllers in, 780 key, creating with, 741–744 overview of, 50–51

1240 Index M–O

Motion Trackers rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 670 Motor object (reactor), 964

Motor Space Warp, 917 mouse tools, scripted, 1129 Move Gizmo, 272, 273

Move Smoothing rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 673 Movie rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 669

Movie Stepper rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 671 moving. See also translating object

camera, 657–658 character icon, 887 key, 830, 833

Max to another computer, 1199 nodes, 255, 257–258

splines to 3D, 384–388 MSmooth button, 410–411 MSmooth feature, 865 Multi-Layer shader, 571

Multi-Pass Camera Effects, 677–682 multiplier curve, 840–843

MultiRes modifier, 423–425, 1163–1164 Multi/Sub-Object material, 588–590, 599 muscles

BlobMesh object, creating with, 867–868 chest, creating, 864–865

N

Named Selection Sets dialog box, 197 naming. See also renaming

Camera Points, 666 material, 555 object, 163–164, 859

natural light, 685 navigating

active viewport, 69–71 menus, 26

Schematic View (window), 253–254 Navigation toolbar (Track View), 828 Negative filter, 1101

neon sign, creating, 1027–1028 nesting group, 235

Network Job Assignment dialog box, 1069–1070, 1071–1072

network rendering. See also TCP/IP batch rendering, 1078–1079 completing first job, 1069–1071 initializing, 1067–1069

job assignment options, 1071–1072 logging errors, 1075

manager settings, 1073–1074 Monitor, 1076–1078 overview of, 1057–1058 parts of system, 1059 requirements for, 1058–1059 server settings, 1074–1075 setting up, 1060

setting up Max on each computer, 1064 shared directories

choosing, 1066–1076 configuring, 1064–1066

New command (File menu), 89 New Feature icon, 24

New Schematic View (Graph Editors menu), 199, 249, 250

New Track View (Graph Editors menu), 198 New York, ballooning in, 593–594

NGon primitive, 355

9 key (Advanced Lighting panel), 713 ninja star, making, 373–374

nodes (Schematic View window)

assigning controllers and wiring parameters, 260–261

colors, 254 connecting, 260

copying modifiers and materials between, 260 Display floater and, 258–259

hiding, shrinking, and deleting, 256–257 limiting, 262–263

rearranging, 255–256, 257–258 selecting, 254–255

Noise controller, 787–788, 894 Noise map, 617–618

Noise modifier, 311, 315–316 Noise rollout (2D maps), 607

Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines. See NURBS object Non-Uniform Rational Mesh Smooth (NURMS)

algorithm, 411–413 object, creating, 428–429

non-uniform scaling, 270, 271

Normal Align command (Tools menu), 28, 286 Normal Align dialog box, 286–288

Normal modifier, 425 Normalize Spline modifier, 382 note track, adding, 845–846 Notes dialog box, 845–846 Notifications dialog box, 1072

Numerical Expression Evaluator, 803–804 NURBS Creation Toolbox, 458, 459–463

NURBS Editing command (Modifiers menu), 471 NURBS object

converting other object to, 456–457 curves, 453–455

description of, 453 editing, 457–463 keyboard shortcuts, 1210 lathing surface, 465–466 lofting surface, 463–464

modeling type and, 335–336 modifiers, 471–472

1-rail and 2-rail sweep surface, 466–467 sculpting rectangular surface, 468–471 snap points and, 293

surfaces, 455–456

UV Loft surface, creating, 465

NURMS (Non-Uniform Rational Mesh Smooth) algorithm, 411–413

object, creating, 428–429

O

O key (Material Editor Options dialog box), 553 Object Color dialog box, 164–165

Object Mapping rollout, 892 Object Motion Blur, 990

Object Parameters rollout (IK), 896

Object Pinning rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 674

Index O–P 1241

Object Properties command (Edit menu), 27, 199 Object Properties dialog box

Advanced Lighting panel, 203–204, 718–719, 727 caustics, global illumination, and, 1053–1054 Display Properties section, 200–202

Hide or Freeze options, 204 mental ray panel, 203–204 Motion Blur, enabling, 203 Object Information section, 200 overview of, 199

Rendering Controls section, 202–203 User-Defined panel, 204

Object Properties rollout (Bone Tools panel), 877 Object Space Modifier, 762

objects. See also primitives; specific types of objects array of, creating, 226–233

binding, 898 cloning, 213–219

color, assigning, 164–165 creating, 45–48 grouping, 235–237

hiding or freezing, 204–207 linked, working with, 245–247 linking and unlinking, 241–243 making into bone, 877 merging and replacing, 92–93 mirroring, 219–221

naming, 859

naming and renaming, 163–164 renaming, 257

rotating, 270 scaling, 270–271

selecting, 189–190, 195–196 selecting in other interface, 198–199 selecting multiple, 195

spacing cloned, 223–225 transforming, 269 translating, 270

Object-Space modifier, 298, 307–308 octopus, building, 418–419

OilTank primitive, 179 Omni light, 689

1-rail sweep surface tool, 466–467 online help, 59

On/Of controller, 794, 795 opacity, 548

Opacity mapping, 630

Opacity value (Blinn shader), 569, 570 Open command

File menu, 91 Group menu, 236

open edge, 402

OpenGL display, 83–84, 1198 opening

ActiveShade window, 979 assembly, 238

Asset Manager, 123

Curve Editor, Dope Sheet, and Track Bar layouts, 820

file, 91–92

frames and keys, 54 group, 236

Layer Manager, 208 Layers toolbar, 208

Material Editor, 10, 549 Material/Map Browser, 561 MAXScript editor window, 1123 Mirror dialog box, 219–220 Numeric Expression Evaluator, 57 Preference Settings dialog box, 147 Preferences Settings dialog box, 93 quadmenu, 56

Render Scene dialog box, 18, 982 Schematic View, 245, 249, 250 Snapshot dialog box, 221

Time Configuration dialog box, 734 Track View, 245

Viewport Configuration dialog box, 71 Visual MAXScript Editor, 1145

operating system, 1193 operator precedence, 810 operators, 809–810

opponent, setting up camera from viewpoint of, 655–656

Optimization rollout, 699 Optimize modifier, 426 optimizing simulation, 948 Options menu

Edit UVW interface, 644–645 Schematic View (window), 251

Oren-Nayar-Blinn shader, 572 Orientation constraint, 777 Orientation mapping, 630 Orthographic view, 62–63

Outline button (Command Panel), 377, 416 outline text, 480

out-of-range curve, 840 Output map, 624 Output rollout

Render to Textures panel, 1171 2D maps, 607–608

P

P key (Create Material Preview dialog box), 557 P parameter (Hedra primitive), 177 Pacman-like character, making, 323

Paint Level value (Ink ‘n’ Paint material), 596 Paintbox dialog box, 1166–1167

Painter Options dialog box, 882–883 painting

with light, 725 vertices, 1166–1168

weights, 882–883, 951–952 panning

middle mouse button, using, 151 view, 65

Panorama Exporter command (Rendering menu), 35, 996–997

Panorama Exporter tool, 996–997, 1192

Param Curve Out-of-Range Types dialog box, 840 Parameter controller, 794–801

Parameter Wiring dialog box, 239, 756–757 parameters

Float Expression controller and, 814–815 modifying, 185–186

particle systems, 515 Volume Select modifier, 310

1242 Index P

Parameters rollout (Command Panel) camera, 661–662

Conform object, 477

Envelope Properties section, 879, 880 Mesher object, 485

ShapeMerge object, 479–480 Parametric Deformer modifiers

Affect Region, 324–325 Bend, 312–313 Displace, 326–327 Lattice, 325–326 Mirror, 326

Noise, 315–316

Preserve, 327 Push, 318 Relax, 318–319 Ripple, 319 Shell, 322–323 Skew, 320–321 Slice, 321–322

Spherify, 324, 325

Squeeze, 317–318 Stretch, 317 Taper, 314–315 Twist, 315, 316 Wave, 320, 321 XForm, 327

parametric object, 335–337 Parent Coordinate System, 276 parent object, 241

park bench, creating, 495–496 PArray particle system, 514, 529–532 particle, 513

Particle Age map, 533–534, 618 Particle Flow interface

black hole, creating, 1183–1184 keyboard shortcuts, 1216 overview of, 1189–1190

Particle Flow Source particle system, 514, 534–544 Particle MBlur map, 533–534, 618

particle system Blizzard, 529 creating, 514–515

description of, 336–337, 513 material maps and, 532–534 Mesher object and, 485, 486 PArray, 529–532

Particle Flow Source, 534–544 PCloud, 532

Space Warps and, 934–938 special effects, adding, 17–18 Spray and Snow, 515–518 Super Spray, 518–529

types of, 513–514

Particle Type rollout (Super Spray particle system) fireworks fountain, creating, 520–521

Instanced Geometry option, 523–524 MetaParticles option, 522–523 overview of, 520

spray, adding to spray can, 522 Particle View editor, 35

Particle View window, 543 Paste button and patches, 440

Paste dialog box, 233 pasting

controller parameters, 778, 781 joint, 897

modifier, 300 time, 832

patch

description of, 336, 431 editable, 1190

editing

Edge subobject, 441–443 Geometry rollout, 436–437 Handle subobject, 441 modifiers and, 447–451 overview of, 433

Patch and Element subobjects, 444–447 selecting subobjects, 434–436

vertices, 437–440 grid, creating, 431–433

Patch Select modifier, 448 Patch Smooth button, 437 PatchDeform modifier, 762–763

Patch/Spline Editing command (Modifiers menu), 381, 447

patchwork quilt, creating, 589–590 path

configuring, 143–144

making fish follow, 1139–1141 Path constraint, 771–772, 773

Path Follow Space Warp, 921–922, 937–938 Path Parameters rollout (Loft object), 501–502 PathDeform modifier, 764

pattern, creating with Fast View setting, 77–78 PBomb Space Warp, 920–921, 936–937 PCloud particle system, 514, 532

PDynaFlect Space Warp, 924–926 pencil, drawing, 786–787

Perlin Marble map, 618 persistent dialog box, 58, 226 perspective, 654 Perspective view, 62, 63, 78 Phong shader, 570

photometric lights, 699–702, 1001, 1002–1003 photons (mental ray), 1053–1054, 1186–1187 Photoshop (Adobe)

compositing with, 1083–1084 digital image, capturing, 581 fishing net, creating, 582–583

material texture, creating using, 578–581 physics, 955

Pick Coordinate System, 276

Pick from Object command (Material menu), 556 picking material from scene, 556

pie, creating, 181 pinning object, 674

Pivot button (Command panel), 282 pivot point

aligning, 283 description of, 242, 282 positioning, 282, 860

Pivot Point Center, 277, 278 pixel, 575

Place Highlight command (Tools menu), 28, 691

Index P 1243

placing highlights, 691 image, 610

plane

flying around globe, 246–247 grouping parts of together, 236–237 looping path, following, 743–744

sparkling light effects, making, 1031–1033 Plane Angle helper, 757

Plane object (reactor), 964 Plane primitive, 4–5, 176 planet

exploding, 936–937

sun, creating, 1009, 1010 textures for, creating, 631–633

Planet map, 619

Platonic solid, creating, 170–171

Plug-In Info button (Summary Info dialog box), 125 Plug-In Info dialog box, 1155

Plug-in Manager command (Customize menu), 36 Plug-In Manager dialog box, 1155

plug-ins. See also reactor plug-in (Havok) AfterBurn, installing and using, 1156–1157 description of, 1153

finding, 1157 installing, 1154 managing, 1154–1156 scripted, 1129 viewing installed, 1154

Point Cache modifier, 330 point curve, 453–454 Point object, 345

point surface, 455–456

Point3 controller, 778, 796–797 Point3 return type, 813

poly object description of, 336 editing, 408–415

polygon count, enabling, 1161 Polygon Counter utility, 1161–1162 polygon mesh. See mesh

Polygon subobject, editing

Editable Poly object and, 416–419 meshes and, 404–408

POmniFlect Space Warp, 926–927 pond ripples, creating, 929–930 Portable License utility, 1199 Poser (Curious Labs)

description of, 859

importing human figure from, 111–113 Position constraint, 772–773, 774 Position controller, 778, 783–793

Position Data rollout (Camera Tracker utility), 672 Position key dialog box, 740

Position XYZ controller, 792 positioning

camera, 15–16, 655 external scene, 115 pivot point, 282, 860

Position/Rotation/Scale Transform controller, 781–782 post-production, 1093. See also compositing; Video

Post window

Preference Settings dialog box Animation panel, 156–157 Files panel, 93–95, 98, 148 Gamma panel, 154–155 General panel, 146–148 Gizmos panel, 157, 273–274

Inverse Kinematics panel, 157, 900–901 MAXScript panel, 157–158, 1127–1128 mental ray panel, 158, 1050

Radiosity panel, 158, 727–728 Rendering panel, 156, 990–992 Viewports panel, 149–154

Preferences command (Customize menu), 36, 93, 146 Premiere (Adobe)

overview of, 1085–1086 Transition filter, 1104

pre-rendering texture, 1169–1172 Preserve modifier, 327

preset, loading and saving, 491 Preview window (reactor), 969–970 previewing

animation, 752–754 material, 557

multi-pass camera effects, 677

render in ActiveShade window, 979–982 previews

creating, 18–19, 752–753 renaming, 754

viewing, 754

primitives. See also shape primitives altering parameters, 169

character, creating from, 859–860, 861, 863 converting to NURBS object, 456–457 creating, 161–163, 167–169

description of, 161, 336 Extended type, 176–185 parameters, modifying, 185–186 Platonic solid, creating, 170–171 smoothing edges of, 865 Standard type, 171–176

undoing, redoing, and deleting, 169 Print Size Wizard, 997–998, 1192 Prism primitive, 183

projection map, 603 projector map, 709–710 Prompt Line, 53, 54

propeller system, animating, 901–902 property, 1131

Property Editor (reactor), 960 Protractor helper, 346

proxy

Scatter object and, 491 XRef, using, 119–120, 121

PRS Parameters rollout (Command Panel), 782 Pseudo Alpha filter, 1101

Pseudo Color Exposure Control, 1001–1002 pull-down menu, 26. See also menus puppet

animating, 905–906 bones system for, 873–874

Push modifier, 318, 815 Push Space Warp, 918

Put to Library command (Material menu), 556

1244 Index P–R

Put to Scene command (Material menu), 556 pyramid, beveled, building, 415, 416 Pyramid primitive, 175–176

Pythagorean Theorem, testing, 346–347

Q

Q key (Select Object), 191, 194

Q parameter (Hedra primitive), 177 Quad Patch, 431–432

quadmenu

ActiveShade window, 980–981 customizing, 134–136 description of, 25

keyboard shortcuts, 1206–1207 opening and closing, 56 subobject mode and, 365

quality

global illumination and, 716 rendering and, 979

Quaternion (TCB) controller, 788–789 question mark (?) wildcard, 193, 749

Queue pane (Video Post window), 1095–1096 QuickSlice button, 410

quilt, patchwork, creating, 589–590

R

R key (Select and Scale), 191, 270 Radial Falloff dialog box, 1024 radian, 814

radiosity, 713, 721–727

Radiosity Meshing Parameters rollout, 723 Radiosity Processing Parameters rollout, 722–723 Rag Doll constraint (reactor), 973–975

Railings category (AEC Objects), 1177 rain shower, creating, 516, 517

RAM Player, 994–995 Randomize Keys utility, 831

Range pane (Video Post window), 1095–1096, 1106 Ranges toolbar (Track View), 826

Ray Lens Effect, 1029 ray, lost, 1041

Raytrace Basic Parameters rollout, 1043–1044 Raytrace Extended Parameters rollout, 1043,

1044–1045 Raytrace map, 626, 1047–1049

Raytrace Messages window, 1041, 1042 raytraced shadow, 687–688, 709, 710–711 raytracer

controlling, 1040–1042

speed of, increasing by excluding objects, 1042–1043

Raytracer Controls rollout, 1045–1046 Raytracer Settings command (Rendering menu),

35, 1048

raytracing

Default Scanline Renderer and, 1039–1040 materials and, 1043–1047

overview of, 592

Reactor controller, 789–791, 1215 reactor menu, 33

Reactor Parameters dialog box, 790

reactor plug-in (Havok)

bowl, glass, filling, 956–957

calculating and previewing simulation, 969–972 collections, 957–958

constraints, 972–975 modifiers, 959, 961 object, creating, 962–969

object properties, setting, 959–962 overview of, 893, 955, 1190 process involved in, 956

Reactor controller compared to, 789 toolbar, 956

troubleshooting, 976 Reactor toolbar, 41 rearranging

interface for lefties, 44–45 nodes, 255–256, 257–258

Recent Files in File Menu option, 95 recording script, 1126–1127 Rectangle primitive, 354

red button, 57 Redo command, 169

Redo View Change command (Views menu), 29, 68 Redraw All Views command (Views menu), 30, 67 reducing key, 837

reference

creating, 216, 218–219

identifying in Modifier Stack, 300–301 reference guides, 58–59

Refine button (Command Panel), 369 refining bones, 875–876

Reflect color swatch, 548 reflection, 548–549 Reflection mapping, 631 reflection maps, 625–628 Reflect/Refract map, 626–627 refraction, 548

Refraction mapping, 631 refraction maps, 625–628 refreshing viewport, 67, 200

Region command (Edit menu), 193–194 reinstalling, 1199

relative pasting, 832 Relax modifier, 318–319 Relax tool, 648, 650

Relax Tool dialog box, 648, 650 relaxing patch, 437

Reload Textures on Change option, 95 Remove button, 414

Remove Isolated Vertices button (Command Panel) and meshes, 396, 400

Remove Unused Map Vertices button, 414 removing

key, 830

key marker, 740

material or map, 559–560 modifier, 301

node, 257 object, 169 plug-in, 1154 time, 832 vertex, 439

Rename Objects command (Tools menu), 28, 164

Index R 1245

Rename Objects dialog box, 164 renaming. See also naming

object, 163–164, 257 preview, 754

Render command (Rendering menu), 18, 35, 982 render effects

Blur, 1033–1035

Brightness and Contrast, 1035 Color Balance, 1035

Depth of Field, 1036–1037 File Output, 1035

Film Grain, 1036 Lens

Auto Secondary, 1030–1031 Global, 1021–1023

Glow, 1023–1028

Manual Secondary, 1031, 1032 overview of, 1021

plane, making sparkle, 1031–1033 Ray, 1029

Ring, 1028

Star, 1029 Streak, 1029

Motion Blur, 1036

overview of, 1017, 1019–1021 render elements, 1017–1019, 1089, 1090

Render Map command (Utilities menu), 557 Render Map dialog box, 557

Render Scene dialog box Advanced Lighting panel

light tracing options, 714–717 overview of, 713

radiosity options, 722–727 Indirect Illumination panel, 1054–1055 opening, 18

overview of, 1192 parameters, setting, 982–990 Raytracer panel, 1039–1040

Render Elements rollout, 1017–1019 Render Output section, 1069, 1070 Renderer panel, 1055–1056 settings, 20

render time and global illumination, 716 Render to Texture command (Rendering menu),

35, 1170

Render to Texture dialog box, 1170

Rendered Frame Window, 993–994, 1019, 1084 renderer, VUE File, 992–993. See also Default Scanline

Renderer rollout; mental ray rendering. See also network rendering

canceling, 753 command-line, 996, 1192 environment and, 998–1003 final animation, 18–21 NURBS curves, 454 overview of, 979

scene with quick smooth render, 9 Rendering dialog box, 984, 985

Rendering Effects panel (Environment and Effects dialog box), 1020

rendering farm, 1057. See also network rendering Rendering menu, 35–36

Rendering Parameters rollout, 725, 726

Rendering rollout (Command Panel), 351–352, 362 Rendering→ActiveShade Floater, 35, 981 Rendering→ActiveShade Viewport, 35, 981 Rendering→Effects, 35

Rendering→Environment, 11, 998 Rendering→Material Editor, 10, 35, 549 Rendering→Material/Map Browser, 35 Rendering→Panorama Exporter, 35, 996–997 Rendering→RAM Player, 994 Rendering→Raytracer Settings, 35, 1048 Rendering→Render, 18, 35, 982 Rendering→Render to Texture, 35, 1170 Rendering→Show Last Rendering, 35 Rendering→Video Post, 35, 1094

reordering bones, 875

Modifier Stack, 301–302 Repeat Last button, 409

Replace command (File menu), 93 replacing objects, 93

Rescale World Units utility, 146

Reset Background Transform command (Views menu), 29, 85

Reset command (File menu), 58, 89

Reset Sample Slot Rotation command (Material menu), 554

Reset XForm utility, 283 resetting. See also setting interface, 89, 137

materials, 559 resizing

background image, 86 Command Panel, 43 viewport, 68–69

resolution, increasing, 863–864 Resource Collector utility, 124–125 restricting movement. See constraints Retriangulate button, 417

return type, 812–813

Reverse button (Command Panel), 377 reversing time, 833

Revert to Startup Layout command (Customize menu), 137, 142

Review Strokes dialog box, 152, 153 RGB Multiply map, 623–624

RGB Tint map, 624

right-click menu, scripted, 1129 right-clicking

to convert object, 337, 390

to eliminate creation of object, 167 to exit mode, 57

modifier, 300

to open quadmenu, 56 right-hand rule, 439

rigid body dynamics, 950, 958 ring

engraved band, creating, 642 unique, modeling, 387, 388

ring array, 230–233 Ring Lens Effect, 1028

RingWave primitive, 180–181 Ripple modifier, 319

Ripple Space Warp, 929–930

1246 Index R–S

rising steam, creating, 531–532 river, flowing, animating, 838–839 robot leg, mirroring, 220–221 rocket, aiming camera at, 658, 659 rolling tire down hill, 770–771 rollout. See also specific rollouts

custom, building, 1149–1151 description of, 43

Rome, driving in, 667–668 root object, 241

Rope Collection (reactor), 868, 955 Rotate Gizmo, 272, 273–274

Rotate Mapping Coordinates dialog box, 607 rotating

blades of windmill, 737–738 gears, 790–791

middle mouse button, using, 151 object, 270

view, 65–66

rotating wheels, animating, 14–15 rotation, body, adding, 1141–1144 Rotation controller, 778, 793–794 rough, bumpy surface, creating, 308 routing custom shelf, 384–385

S

S key (Select), 254

Safe Frames feature, 79–80

sample slots (Material Editor), 552–555 Sample Type object, changing, 554

Sample UV Tiling button (Material Editor), 606 sand, creating Plane objects for, 4–5

Save Character command (Character menu), 888 Save command (File menu), 90

Save Custom UI As command (Customize menu), 36 Save Custom UI command (Customize menu), 141 Save Custom UI Scheme command (Customize

menu), 140 Save File As dialog box, 90

Save Preview command (Material menu), 557 Save Viewport Thumbnail Image option, 94, 95

Saved Schematic Views (Graph Editors menu), 249, 250 saving

character, 888

character animation, 891 custom interface, 140–141 file, 90–91

final animation, 20 preset, 491

scalar, 812

scalar return type, 812

Scale controller, 778, 793, 794 Scale Deformation, 506, 507 Scale Gizmo, 273, 274

Scale XYZ controller, 794 scaling

bones system, 871 key, 830

object, 270–271 time, 833

scanning image, 582

scar, placing on face, 478–479

Scatter object

covering island with trees, 493–494 creating, 488

Distribution objects, working with, 490 jungle vines, creating, 492–493

proxy and, 491

Source objects, working with, 489 Space Warps and, 932–933 spiders, filling box with, 491–492 Transforms rollout, 490–491

scene

adding effects to, 1006 analyzing in reactor, 971 dividing into layers, 211–212 externally referenced, 113–117 holding and fetching, 303 picking material from, 556

projecting image onto rendered, 709–710 props, adding, 7–8

starting new, 89

viewing from light, 692–694 scene event, adding, 1099–1100

scene object, manipulating with variables, 1131–1132 Schematic View editor, 34

Schematic View Preferences dialog box, 262–266 Schematic View toolbar, 251–253

Schematic View (window)

background image, adding to, 265–266 connecting objects in, 862

hierarchy and, 258–262 interface, 250–251 keyboard shortcuts, 1213

linking character with, 261–262 links and, 245

List Views menu, 266–267 nodes, working with, 254–258 opening, 249–250

overview of, 249, 1190 saving with file, 94 selecting object and, 199

Screen Coordinate System, 276 Script controller, 782–783 scripted utility, 1129

scroll wheel and viewport, 66 scrolling main toolbar, 38

sculpting rectangular NURBS surface, 468–471 SDeflector Space Warp, 927

SDynaFlect Space Warp, 924–926 sea, creating Plane objects for, 4–5 seamless image tiles, 606 secondary light, 686

secondary motion, 894 Section primitive, 359, 361

See-Through option (Object Properties dialog box), 200, 201

segments, editing, 374–376

Segments option (Torus primitive), 174 Select All command (Edit menu), 27, 192

Select Bitmap Image File dialog box, 11, 12, 609 Select by Channel modifier, 1166

Select by Name dialog box, 903

Select Invert command (Edit menu), 192 Select Keys by Time utility, 832

Index S 1247

Select menu (Schematic View), 251, 255 Select None command (Edit menu), 27, 192 Select Objects by Material command (Utilities

menu), 556

Select Objects dialog box, 192–193

Select Open Edges button and meshes, 403 Select Parent dialog box, 244, 245

Select Preset Categories dialog box, 984 Select→Get Selection From Viewport, 645 selecting

camera for viewport, 654–656 hierarchy, 246

key, 829–830 multiple objects, 195 nodes, 254–255 object

by material, 556

in other interface, 198–199 overview of, 189–190, 195–196

patch subobject, 434–436 spline subobject, 363–365 subobject, 339

subobject mode, 393 system units, 144–145 terminator for system, 897

selection brackets, 189 Selection Center, 277, 278 Selection Filters, 190–191

Selection Floater command (Tools menu), 27, 193 Selection modifiers, 308–312

Selection Region button (main toolbar), 194 Selection rollout (Command Panel)

Editable Poly object and, 409 meshes and, 393–394 patches and, 434–435 splines and, 363–364

selection set, establishing, 197 Self-Illumination color swatch, 548 Self-Illumination mapping, 630 Self-Illumination value (Blinn shader), 568, 569 sequence, working with, 1096–1097

Server Properties dialog box, 1077 server, rendering, 1059

Set Key Filters dialog box, 737 Set Key mode, 737

setting. See also resetting background color, 999 default controller, 781 display driver, 1197–1198 file preferences, 93–95 frame rate, 734–735 ranges, 833

skin pose, 890

Settings and Scheme chooser window, 142 Settings dialog box (Editable Poly object), 390, 410 Shade Selected command (Views menu), 29, 75 Shaded Face Toggle, 343

shader

Anisotropic, 570–571 Blinn, 568–570 description of, 567 DirectX 9, 597

Extended Parameters rollout, 573–575

mental ray and, 1050–1051

mental ray connection rollout, 576–577 Metal, 572

Multi-Layer, 571 Oren-Nayar-Blinn, 572 Phong, 570

Strauss, 572

SuperSampling rollout, 575–576 Translucent, 572–573

Shader Basic Parameters rollout (Material Editor), 567–573

Shadow Map, mental ray, 1053 shadow maps, 687–688

Shadow Parameters rollout, 698–699 shadows

animating, 703–705 mental ray and, 1053–1054

raytraced, 687–688, 709, 710–711 types of, 687–688

Shape Check utility, 383 Shape objects, 47 shape primitives

Creation Method and Keyboard Entry rollouts, 352–353

editing, 362

heart, interior of, viewing, 361 Interpolation rollout, 352 logo, drawing, 360

overview of, 350–351 Rendering rollout, 351–352 Section, 359, 361

types of, 353–358

ShapeMerge object, creating, 479–482 shapes. See also shape primitives

description of, 336 2D, 349–350

shared directories choosing, 1066–1076 configuring, 1064–1066

shelf, custom, routing, 384–385 Shell material, 591

shell, modeling, 442

Shell modifier, 322–323, 1191 Shellac material, 588

Shift key

camera movement and, 657

clicking and dragging on handle and, 369 cloning object and, 214–215

modifiers and, 300 selecting object and, 195 selecting track and, 827

Shift+I (Spacing tool), 223

Shift+Y (Redo View Change), 29, 68

Shift+Z (Undo View Change), 29, 68 shininess of object, 549

shirt, throwing over chair, 961–962 Shockwave 3D

File Analysis dialog box, 107, 108 file, exporting to, 106–108 Preview window, 107, 108

Scene Export Options dialog box, 106–107 shortcuts. See keyboard shortcuts

1248 Index S

Show Dependencies command (Views menu), 29, 300 Show Ghosting command (Views menu), 29, 745 Show Key Times command (Views menu), 29

Show Last Rendering command (Rendering menu), 35 Show Normals option (Selection rollout), 394

Show Selected Segs option (Command Panel), 373 Show Transform Gizmo command (Views menu), 29 Show UI command (Customize menu), 36

shrinking nodes, 256–257 Simple Wipe compositor, 1104 Simple Wipe filter, 1101

6 key (Particle View editor), 35 skating figure eight, 774–775

Sketch Vertices command (Tools menu), 645 Skew modifier, 320–321

Skin modifier applying, 884–885 deformers and, 886

Display and Advanced settings, 884 editing envelopes, 879–881 Envelope subobject, 879

Mirror settings, 883–884, 1192 overview of, 878–879

weights, working with, 881–883

Skin Parameters rollout (Loft object), 502–503 skin pose, setting, 890

Skylight, 690

Slice modifier, 321–322

Slice option (Sphere primitive), 173 Slice Plane button and meshes, 398–399 Slider helper, 757

sliding key, 830 Smoke map, 619 Smooth modifier, 427

Smooth rendering setting, 73 Smooth Rotation controller, 794 smoothing body parts, 865 SMPTE, 734

snake, building, 911 Snap feature

molecule, lattice for, creating, 294–295 overview of, 291

snap options, setting, 293–294 snap point, setting, 292–293

Snapshot command (Tools menu), 28, 221 Snapshot dialog box, 221–223

Snow particle system, 513, 515–518 snow storm, creating, 516–518 snowman

lighting face of, 691–692

melting, attaching eyes to, 769, 770 soda, spilling from can, 523, 524

soft body object, 950, 951, 958 Soft Selection curve, 341

Soft Selection feature

Affect Region modifier compared to, 325 keys and, 830

overview of, 340–343 subobjects and, 365 Volume Select modifier, 310

software, authorizing, 1196–1197 Software Developer’s Kit, 1153

solar system. See also planet; space creating, 242–243

rearranging, 257–258 SOmniFlect Space Warp, 926–927 Sound Options dialog box, 851–852

sound track, synchronizing to, 851–852 Source object, 488, 489

space. See also planet; solar system; spaceship backdrop, creating, 1102–1103

black hole, creating, 1183–1184 textures, creating, 631–633

Space Warp objects binding, 916 creating, 915

Deflector type, 924–927 description of, 48, 298, 915 dynamic simulation and, 944 Force type, 916–924 Geometric/Deformable, 928–933 Modifier-Based, 933

particle systems and, 934–938 spaceship

firing at fleeing, 541–544 flight path, creating, 772, 773 landing in port, 280–281

spacing

cloned objects, 223–225

elements in Visual MAXScript Editor, 1148 Spacing tool, 223–225

Spacing Tool command (Tools menu), 28, 223 Spacing Tool dialog box, 223–224

special effects, adding, 17–18, 1183–1187 Specify Cropping/Placement dialog box, 610 Speckle map, 620

Specular color swatch, 548

Specular highlight graph (Blinn and Anisotropic shaders), 571

specular highlights, 549

Specular Highlights (Blinn shader), 570 Specular Level mapping, 630

Specular mapping, 629 speed

raytracing and, 1042–1043 rendering and, 979, 989

speeding update, 491 sphere, creating, 167

Sphere primitive, 172–173, 175 SphereArray script, 1119–1120 Spherify modifier, 324, 325 spiders

filling box with, 491–492 web, creating, 380–381

Spindle primitive, 179 spinner

description of, 30, 57, 147 expressions and, 803–804

spiral array, 229–230, 231 splash screen, 1197 Splat map, 620

Spline IK solver, 910–911 Spline Select modifier, 382

Spline subobjects, editing, 377–380

Index S 1249

splines

converting to NURBS curve, 456 description of, 336, 349 editable, 1190

editing

overview of, 362–368 Segment subobjects, 374–376 Spline subobjects, 377–381 Vertex subobjects, 368–374

making renderable, 362–363 moving to 3D, 384–388

Path constraint and, 771–772 spider web, creating, 380–381

splitting object into fragments, 530–532 spoon, creating, 463–464

spotlight, 689

Spotlight Parameters rollout, 697 spotlight view, 67

spray, adding to spray can, 522 Spray particle system, 513, 515–518 Spring controller, 791–792, 894 spring, manually creating, 953 Spring object, 940–941

Spring object (reactor), 964 spyglass

animating, 908, 909 creating, 290–291 squashing object, 270–271 Squeeze modifier, 317–318

stained-glass window, creating, 710–711 stairs

adding to tower, 1178–1179 spiral, building, 230, 231

Stairs category (AEC Objects), 1178–1179 Standard Flow, 536

Standard material, 567 Standard Primitives, 171–176 Star Lens Effect, 1029

star, ninja, making, 373–374 Star primitive, 356 Starfield filter, 1101–1102

Stars Control dialog box, 1101–1102 Start New Shape option, 350–351 Start→discreet→3ds max 6 folder, 1198 Statistics rollout, 725–726

status bar

overview of, 53, 54 Type-In fields, 275

steam, rising, creating, 531–532

StereoLithography file, importing and exporting, 103 Stitch Selected command (Tools menu), 645

STL Check modifier, 427

stoplight, changing colors of, 816–818 Strauss shader, 572

straw, bendable, creating, 184–185 Streak Lens Effect, 1029

Stretch modifier, 317 string, 1130

Stroke Preferences dialog box, 152, 153 strokes, 58, 151

Strokes utility, 152 Stucco map, 620–621 Sub Region option, 82, 83

Subdivide button and patches, 441 Subdivide modifier, 723–724 subdividing

mesh for radiosity, 723, 724–725 object, 863–864

Subdivision Displacement option and meshes, 396 Subdivision Surface modifiers, 427–429, 865 Subdivision Surface rollout, 411–412

submaterial, 565–566

subobject mode (Editable Mesh), 393–394 subobjects

applying modifiers to, 343–344 Flex modifier, 950

keyboard shortcuts, 1207 modeling, 863 modifying, 306

Soft Selection feature and, 340–343 spline, selecting, 363–365

working with, 339–340 Subtraction operation, 496, 497

Summary Info command (File menu), 27, 125 Summary Info dialog box, 125–126

sun, creating, 1009, 1010 Sunlight system, 702–705 Super Spray particle system

Bubble Motion rollout, 527 Load/Save Presets rollout, 528–529

Object Motion Inheritance rollout, 527 overview of, 514, 518

Particle Generation rollout, 519–520 Particle Spawn rollout, 527–528 Particle Type rollout, 520–524 Rotation and Collision rollout, 524–526

Super Spray Basic Parameters rollout, 518 Superman logo, building, 344

SuperSampling rollout (Material Editor), 575–576, 989, 1041

Surf Deform modifier, 471 surface

CV (control vertex), 455–456 mirrored, creating, 625–626 rough, bumpy, creating, 308

Surface Approximation rollout (Command Panel), 458–459

Surface constraint, 769–771 Surface modifier, 449, 450

Surface Parameters rollout (Loft object), 501 Surface Properties rollout (Command Panel)

meshes and, 396, 404, 406–407 patches and, 437, 440, 446 splines and, 376

Surface Select modifier, 471 surface settings and patches, 436 surface tools

CrossSection modifier, 387, 448–449 overview of, 512

Surface modifier, 449, 450 surfboard, creating, 591–592 SurfDeform modifier, 762 suspending task, 72

swamp scene, creating, 1014 swan, brass, modeling, 449–451

swinging from rope into wall, 974–975

1250 Index S–T

Swirl map, 613–614

switching between default and custom interfaces, 142–143

swivel angle, defining, 904–905 symmetry, 858

Symmetry modifier, 427 synchronizing to sound track, 851–852

system, 895–897. See also inverse kinematics (IK) system; particle system

system requirements for CD-ROM, 1217 System Unit Scale dialog box, 145 system units, 144–146

Systems object, 48

T

tail

of fish, animating, 1141–1144 Spline IK solver and, 910–911 wagging, 792, 793

Tangent Copy and Tangent Paste buttons (Command Panel), 372

tangent, working with, 838–839 Tape helper, 345

Taper modifier, 314–315 Target camera object, 654 Target Distance, 678 Target object, 474

Target photometric lights, 699–700 Target Spot light, 689

task, suspending, 72

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

installing and configuring, 1062–1064

locating, and gathering IP addresses, 1060–1062 Teapot primitive, 174

teapot, wind-up, animating, 841–843 Teeter Deformation, 506, 507

television model, mapping IFL file on, 750–752 terminator, selecting for system, 897

Terrain object, creating, 482–484 Tessellate button

Editable Poly object and, 410–411 meshes and, 405–406

Tessellate modifier, 427 text

outlined, 480

sending back to Listener window, 1124 text file, 749–752

Text primitive, 356–358 texture

animating, 750–752 pre-rendering, 1169–1172

texture baking, 1169–1172

texture image, creating using Photoshop, 578–581 Thin Wall Refraction map, 627–628

3D maps, 615–622

3D models on CD-ROM, 1218–1219 3D, moving splines to, 384–388 3D space, 61–62

3D Studio file, importing and exporting, 98–99 3ds max on the Web map command (Help menu),

37, 59

thumbnail

cache and, 124 saving, 94, 95

Tick, 734

Tile map, 614–615

Time Configuration dialog box Add Time Tag field, 735 Frame Rate options, 734–735 overview of, 734, 735 Playback options, 735

Time Controls. See also Time Configuration dialog box overview of, 54, 55, 733–734

shortcuts, 1206 time, editing, 831–833

Time rollout (2D maps), 607 Time Ruler, 827

Time Slider

Create Key dialog box and, 738, 739 overview of, 53, 54, 733

Time Tags, 54, 735

Time toolbar (Track View), 824 tire

rolling down hill, 770–771 striking curb, modeling, 329–330

toggle button, 57 toolbars

Axis Constraints, 278 customizing, 131–134 default floating, 41 floating, 37, 1204 main, 37, 38–41, 1204 overview of, 24, 37–38

reactor plug-in (Havok), 956 Schematic View, 251–253 Track View, 822–826, 828 Video Post window, 1094–1095

Visual MAXScript Editor, 1146–1147 toolbox, aging, 633–634

Tools menu, 27–28

Tools toolbar (Track View), 825 Tools→Align, 28, 285–286 Tools→Align Camera, 28, 658–660 Tools→Align to View, 28, 288 Tools→Array, 28, 226 Tools→Assign Vertex Colors, 28 Tools→Camera Match, 28 Tools→Channel Info, 28, 1165 Tools→Color Clipboard, 28, 166 Tools→Display Floater, 27, 204, 863 Tools→Grab Viewport, 28, 78 Tools→Isolate Selection, 198, 863 Tools→Layer Manager, 27, 208, 1192 Tools→Light Lister, 28, 690 Tools→Measure Distance, 28 Tools→Mirror, 28, 219 Tools→Normal Align, 286 Tools→Place Highlight, 691 Tools→Rename Objects, 28, 164 Tools→Selection Floater, 27, 193 Tools→Sketch Vertices, 645 Tools→Snapshot, 28, 221 Tools→Spacing Tool, 28, 223 Tools→Stitch Selected, 645

Index T–U 1251

Tools→Transform Type-In, 27, 274 tooltips, 37–38, 264–265

tooth, modeling, 412–413

Top light, adjusting color and intensity of, 559 Top viewport, 63

Top/Bottom material, 591–592 topology dependency, 306 Torus Knot primitive, 182–183 Torus primitive, 173–174

tower, adding stairs to, 1178–1179 Toy Car object (reactor), 965–966 Track Bar layout (Track View)

keys and, 739–740

overview of, 53, 54, 819, 820–821 Track Bar menu (Track View), 821

Track Selection toolbar (Track View), 828 Track View editors, 34

Track View Pick dialog box, 799, 805 Track View (window)

Assign Controller button, 768 assigning controllers in, 780–781 Controller and Key panes, 826–827 controllers, working with, 845–850 curves, editing, 833–843

interface, 819, 820

keyboard shortcuts, 1212–1213 keys, working with, 829–831 layouts, 819–821

links and, 245

menus and toolbars, 821–826, 828 selecting object and, 198

sound track, synchronizing to, 851–852 time, editing, 831–833

tracks, filtering, 844

Video Post window compared to, 1094 tracking camera. See Camera Tracker utility

tracks. See also Track View (window); visibility track Controller pane and, 826–827

filtering, 844

traffic cone, tracking camera zooming past, 674–675 trajectory, 742–744

Transform controller, 778, 781–783 Transform Coordinate Center, 277–278 Transform Gizmos, 271–274 Transform Managers

Axis Constraints, 278–279 overview of, 275

Reference Coordinate System, 276 transform center, 277–278

transform track, changing controller on, 780 Transform Type-In command (Tools menu), 27, 274 Transform Type-In dialog box, 274–275 transformation

Align commands and, 285–288 bee buzzing about flower, 284–285 description of, 269

Expression controller and, 814 grids and, 288–291

pivot point and, 282–283 Snap options and, 291–295

spaceship, landing in port, 280–281 transformation axes, locking, 279–280

transforming light, 690 object, 269–271

Transforms rollout and Scatter object, 490–491 translating object, 270

Translucent shader, 572–573

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. See TCP/IP

transparency, 548

treasure chest, filling with gems, 185–186 trees. See also leaf

bending, 313

covering island with, 493–494 Tri Patch, 431–432

trial version, 1219

Trim button (Command Panel), 379 Trim/Extend modifier, 383 troubleshooting. See also debugging

CD-ROM files, 1219 network rendering, 1069 reactor, 976

trough, making water flow down, 937–938 truck. See monster truck

trumpet image, projecting on scene, 709–710 Tube primitive, 175

Turn button and meshes, 402 turtle cartoon, creating, 596–597 Tutorial command (Help menu), 37 Twist Deformation, 506, 507

Twist modifier, 302, 315, 316

Twist option (Torus primitive), 174 2D. See shape primitives

2D, drawing in, 349–350 2D maps, 605–615

2D space, 61

2-point perspective, 662

2-rail sweep surface tool, 466

U

U Loft tool, 463–464 UDeflector Space Warp, 927

UDynaFlect Space Warp, 924–926

.ui extension, 140

Unbind button (Command Panel) patches and, 438

splines and, 372

Undo command (Edit menu), 23, 169

Undo View Change command (Views menu), 29, 68 undoing command, 13

Unfold Mapping option (Edit UVW interface), 646, 647 Ungroup command (Group menu), 29, 235–236 ungrouping objects, 235–236

Unhide All button (Command Panel) patches and, 439

splines and, 372

Unify button and patches, 446 Union operation, 496, 497

Units Setup command (Customize menu), 36, 145 Units Setup dialog box, 145

Unlink button (main toolbar), 242 unlinking objects, 241, 242 unlocking character, 890

Unwrap Options dialog box, 646, 647

1252 Index U–V

Unwrap UVW modifier

Edit UVWs interface, 643–646 keyboard shortcuts, 1214–1215 overview of, 643

relaxing vertices, 648, 650

wagon, covered, controlling mapping of, 646, 648, 649

UOmniFlect Space Warp, 926–927

Update Background Image command (Views menu), 29, 85

Update During Spinner Drag command (Views menu), 30, 67

updates, speeding, 491 updating

external scene, 115 Max, 1198–1199

Use Soft Select command (Keys menu), 830 Use the Environment dialog box, 11, 12 User viewport, creating, 63

utilities. See also reactor plug-in (Havok) Asset Browser, 122–124

Assign Vertex Color, 1169 Bitmap/Photometric Path Editor, 634–635 Camera Match, 665–668

Camera Tracker, 668–675 Channel Info, 1191 Clean MultiMaterial, 599 Collapse, 303–304, 305 Color Clipboard, 166 Dynamics, 940, 944–948 exporting, 108–109

Fix Ambient, 560

IFL Manager, 749–750

Instance Duplicate Maps, 635–636, 1192 Level of Detail, 1162

Link Inheritance, 280

Max File Finder, 124 Measure, 346 Monitor, 1076–1078

Panorama Exporter, 996–997, 1192 Polygon Counter, 1161–1162 Portable License, 1199 Randomize Keys, 831

Rescale World Units, 146 Reset XForm, 283

Resource Collector, 124–125 scripted, 1129

Select Keys by Time, 832 Shape Check, 383

standard, and Tools menu, 28 Strokes, 152

UVW Remove, 559–560 Utilities panel

buttons, customizing, 138–139 overview of, 52, 1118–1119

Utilities→Render Map, 557 Utilities→Select Objects by Material, 556 UV Loft surface, creating, 465

.UVW file extension, 643

UVW Map modifier, 605, 637–640 UVW Mapping Add modifier, 640 UVW Mapping Clear modifier, 640 UVW Remove utility, 559–560 UVW XForm modifier, 639, 640

V

variable

defining, 804–805 MAXScript, 1129–1132 predefined, 808–809 return type and, 812

vase

creating, 466, 471 of roses, 1046–1047

vector, 812

vector drawing, importing from Adobe Illustrator, 109–111

vector operators, 810 vector return type, 812

vehicle. See car; monster truck Vertex Color map, 624

vertex colors, 1166–1169 vertex number, 371

Vertex Paint modifier, 1166–1168, 1191 Vertex Projection Direction settings, 478 Vertex subobject mode, 864–865

Vertex Surface properties and meshes, 400

Vertex Ticks option (Object Properties dialog box), 201 Vertex Weld modifier, 427

vertices editing

Editable Poly object, 413–415 meshes, 396–401

patches, 437–440 splines, 368–374

relaxing, 648, 650 video editing, 1085–1086

Video Post command (Rendering menu), 35, 1094 Video Post window

event, adding or editing, 1097–1098 external event, adding, 1104, 1105 image filter event, adding, 1100–1103 image input event, adding, 1098–1099 image layer event, adding, 1103–1104 image output event, adding, 1105–1106 keyboard shortcuts, 1214

loop event, adding, 1104–1105 overview of, 1093

Queue pane, 1095–1105 Range pane, 1095–1096, 1106

scene event, adding, 1099–1100 sequence, working with, 1096–1097 status bar, 1096

toolbar, 1094–1095

view, 65–66. See also viewing; viewport View button (Command Panel), 396 View Coordinate System, 276

View File command (File menu), 122 View File dialog box, 126, 127–128

View Image File command (File menu), 27, 126, 993 View menu (Schematic View), 251

View Preview command (Material menu), 557 viewing. See also viewport

cached file, 124 color bleeding, 717 effect of lights, 692 file, 126, 127–128

file properties, 126, 127

Index V–W 1253

heart, interior of, 361 hierarchy, 244–245 installed plug-in, 1154 key values, 740–741 object information, 200 preview, 754

scene from light, 692–694 Viewline, 776

viewport

Axonometric and Perspective views, 62 description of, 24, 42, 61–62

disabling and refreshing, 67 displaying link in, 243–244 enabling ActiveShade in, 981–982 keyboard shortcuts, 1205 maximizing active, 68–69 navigating active, 69–71

Orthographic and Isometric views, 62–63 preferences, setting, 149–154

scroll wheel and, 66 selecting camera for, 654–656

selecting to render scene, 1099 Viewpoint model in, 63

Viewport Background command (Views menu), 11, 29, 84

Viewport Background dialog box, 84–86

Viewport Configuration command (Customize menu), 36, 71, 189

Viewport Configuration dialog box Adaptive Degradation panel, 80–82 Layout panel, 78–79

opening, 71

Regions panel, 82–84 Rendering Method panel, 72–78 Safe Frames panel, 79–80 selecting objects and, 189–190

Viewport Navigation Controls camera and spotlight views, 67 keyboard shortcuts, 1206 overview of, 54, 55, 64–65 panning view, 65

rotating view, 65–66

undoing and saving changes made with, 68 zooming view, 65

Views menu, 29–30 Views→Activate All Maps, 30, 603 Views→Adaptive Degradation, 82

Views→Add Default Lights to Scene, 30, 689 Views→Create Camera From View, 30, 660 Views→Deactivate All Maps, 30, 603 Views→Expert Mode, 30, 53, 69 Views→Grids, 29

Views→Grids→Activate Grid Object, 289 Views→Grid→Show Home Grid, 288 Views→Match Camera to View, 658 Views→Redo View Change, 29, 68 Views→Redraw All Views, 30, 67 Views→Reset Background Transform, 29, 85 Views→Restore Active Viewport, 68 Views→Save Active Viewport, 68 Views→Shade Selected, 29, 75 Views→Show Dependencies, 29, 300 Views→Show Ghosting, 29, 745

Views→Show Key Times, 29 Views→Show Transform Gizmo, 29 Views→Undo View Change, 29, 68 Views→Update Background Image, 29, 85

Views→Update During Spinner Drag, 30, 67 Views→Viewport Background, 11, 29, 84 vines, jungle, creating, 492–493

Virtual Viewport feature, 83–84, 1207 visibility track

adding, 845

On/Of controller and, 794, 795 Visual MAXScript Editor

menus and main toolbar, 1146 overview of, 1145–1146 rollout space, 1147–1148

visualization, 1175–1180 VIZ Render file

importing, 1175 opening, 91

volcano, creating, 487–488 Volume Fog effect, 1013–1014

Volume Fog Parameters rollout (Environment and Effects dialog box), 1013

Volume Light effect

headlights of car, showing, 707–708 laser beam, creating, 708–709 overview of, 705, 1015

parameters, setting, 705–707

projector map, raytraced shadow, and, 709–710 Volume Light Parameters rollout (Environment dialog

box), 705–707 Volume Select modifier, 310–312 Vortex Space Warp, 918–919

.VPX file, 1096

VRML file, importing and exporting, 103–106 VRML97 Exporter dialog box, 104, 105 VRML97 helper objects, 105–106

VUE File Renderer, 992–993

W

W key (Select and Move), 191, 270, 657 wagging tail, 792, 793

wagon, covered, controlling mapping of, 646, 648, 649 wall, swinging from rope into, 974–975

Walls category (AEC Objects), 1177 water

body of, creating, 968–969 flowing down trough, 937–938 river, flowing, animating, 838–839

Water object (reactor), 968–969 Wave modifier, 320, 321

Wave Space Warp, 929 Waveform controller, 794–796 Waves map, 621

waving flag, 953–954 Web sites

Microsoft, 1193 plug-ins, 1157

Wiley Product Technical Support, 1219 Week Schedule dialog box, 1078

Weight settings, 414

Weight Table interface, 881–882 weights, painting, 882–883, 951–952

1254 Index W

Weld button (Command Panel) Editable Poly object and, 414 splines and, 370

Weld Selected button meshes and, 399 patches and, 439

Weld Target button meshes and, 400 patches and, 439

wildcards, 193, 749

Wiley Product Technical Support, 1219 Wind object (reactor), 964

Wind Space Warp, 922–923 windmills

rotating blades of, 737–738

row of, applying Depth of Field effect to, 679–680 window. See also Schematic View window; Track View

window; Video Post window ActiveShade

keyboard shortcuts, 1215 previewing render in, 979–982 quick rendering and, 9

Expression Debug, 806

Hotkey Map, 1201–1202

MAXScript Listener, 1121–1123, 1124 Particle View, 543

Preview

reactor, 969–970 Shockwave 3D, 107, 108

Raytrace Messages, 1041, 1042 Rendered Frame, 993–994, 1019, 1084 Settings and Scheme chooser, 142 stained-glass, creating, 710–711

Window Selection method, 193–194 Windows category (AEC Objects), 1178 Windows XP Professional, 1193

Wire values (shader), 575 Wireframe rendering setting, 73

wiring parameters. See also Parameter Wiring dialog box

assigning to node, 260–261 custom parameters, adding, 755 overview of, 754–755

Wood map, 621–622

World Coordinate System, 276 World-Space modifier, 298, 307–308, 762 Wrapper object, 477

Wrap-To object, 477

X

XForm modifier, 309, 311, 327

.XML extension, 891

Xref (eXternal Reference) description of, 113 Object type, 117–122 Scene type, 113–117

XRef Merge dialog box, 119

XRef Objects dialog box, 117–119

XRef Scenes command (File menu), 114 XRef Scenes dialog box, 114–115

Y

yellow button, 56, 57, 65 yo-yo, creating, 314–315

Z

0 key (Render to Texture), 35

.zip file, 93 zooming

buffer, 993

middle mouse button, using, 151 view, 65

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